11.You must do the exercise in the written form lest you … spelling mistakes in the dictation (make).
12.It is strange that he … me that question (ask).
13.The doctor advised that my brother |
… |
to the South immediately (go). |
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14.Please, speak up so that everybody |
… |
you (hear). |
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15.It’s impossible that he … |
the whole material if he got a three (review). |
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16.It was unbelievable that he |
… |
his homework (not do). |
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17.The painter feared lest the public |
… his brushwork (fail to appreciate). |
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18.She never suggested that he … |
anything but paint (do). |
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19.Mother switched on the light so that we |
… |
(read). |
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20.Fearing that it … , he took an umbrella (rain). |
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21.The workers demanded that their wages … |
(raise). |
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22.It was arranged that I … |
my friend at his flat after lunch (pick up). |
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23.They began to disguise the guns lest the enemy … them (discover).
2.Translate the following sentences into English using the Subjunctive Mood or modal phrases.
1.Вам давно пора обратиться к врачу, вы выглядите так, как будто давно больны.
2.Сходите к врачу, чтобы он поставил вам диагноз.
3.Необходимо, чтобы доктор тщательно осмотрел ребенка.
4.Не может быть, чтобы он заболел. Мы бы узнали об этом.
5.Мать боялась, что сын простудился и ему придется посидеть дома несколько дней.
6.Доктор попросил, чтобы мужчина разделся до пояса для осмотра. Он опасался, как бы у его пациента не было осложнения на сердце.
7.У меня была высокая температура, и сестра вызвала врача, чтобы он выписал мне больничный.
8.Вполне возможно, что у вас болела голова. Вы мало бываете на воздухе.
9.Вам следует удалить гланды, чтобы они вас больше не беспокоили.
10.Очень сомнительно, чтобы он был подвержен заболеваниям горла. 11.Опасаясь, как бы больному не стало хуже дома, врач вызвал скорую
помощь, чтобы отправить его в больницу.
Subjunctive II represents the action as unreal, as contrary to reality. Subjunctive II has two forms “non-perfect” and “perfect”.
Non-perfect |
|
Perfect |
|
he |
|
I |
|
we |
were, went |
he |
had been |
you |
|
we |
had gone |
they |
you |
|
they |
The non-perfect form of Subjunctive II is used to express simultaneous actions referring to the present or the past or actions referring to the future.
He behaved as if he were a child needed to be distracted.
She wished the house were built. She wished she could stay there forever.
The perfect form of subjunctive II is used to express priority. It is used to express actions which were not fulfilled.
If anyone had asked him if he wanted to own her soul the question would have seemed to him both ridiculous and sentimental.
1.The independent use of Subjunctive II. Subjunctive II is used independently of other clauses to express:
a. advice
I |
|
he/she |
had better do smth |
we |
had better not do smth |
you |
|
they |
|
It’s getting dark. You’d better switch on the light. – Становится темно. Вам бы лучше включить свет.
b. preference
I |
would rather (sooner) do smth |
he/she |
would rather(sooner) have |
we |
would rather (sooner) not do smth |
you |
|
they |
|
I would rather stay at home. – Я бы лучше (скорее) осталась дома.
Would you rather take tea or coffee? – Вы предпочитаете чай или кофе? c. wish
could do smth
could have done smth if only smb did smth
had done smth
If only I could help you! – Если бы я только мог помочь вам!
If only he had not missed that chance. – Если бы только он не упустил эту возможность.
1. Read the following sentences and analyse the form of Subjunctive II.
1.Miss Sylver looked at her . She was flushed and trembling. “My dear, you had better come and sit down.” (P. Went.)
2.I didn’t tell anyone. … I was scared. I thought I’d better keep my mouth shut. (A. Chr.)
3.I simply dared not think what he meant. I thought I’d better make a little joke. (S.M.)
4.“I thought I should better bring you the news,” said Miss Marple as she followed Mrs Bautry into the study. (A. Chr.)
5.“I’m not very good at guessing,” I said with a laugh. “If you want me to know you’d better tell me.” (S.M.)
6.We’d better go along and see if we can save anything. (S.M.)
7.Well, then, I think we’d better make some plans. (Slyke)
8.I would rather like to see Cecily. (O.W.)
9.“Bella must be just leaving Dover now,” she said – “I would rather you didn’t talk to me of her, Polly,” he answered. (S.M.)
10.“That!” Miss Hare cried. “That! I would rather you did not ask me about such things.” (White)
11.Eleanora, you know I’m not the sort of chap to say anything against another chap behind his back, and I’d rather not tell you what I know about Hardy.
(S.M.)
12.In these large hotels there are often things the maids know that some people would rather not have repeated. (A. Chr.)
13.Althea said slowly, “I would rather not go away just now.” (P. Went)
14.There is nothing I’d rather believe. But I don’t hope a second miracle.
(Slyke)
15.He had neither pencil nor paper, but he thought to himself, with an ache of desire, My God, if only I could paint her like that, with those fierce reds and blues. (Cron.)
16.Yes, it was good to be back – if only they would not treat him like the returned prodigal who was now forgiven and must at all costs be secured by kindness. (Cron.)
17. If she could only feel that … sense of oneness with him for which she had yarned since that day, so long ago, when he had come home from Europe and stood on the steps of Tara and smiled up at her. (Mitch.)
18.If only one had time to look at these flowers long enough, time to get over the sense of novelty and strangeness, time to know them. (Mansf.)
19.If only we’d been up there yesterday looking out, we might have seen something. (A. Chr.)
20. If only this old, sad house were not so quiet, so remote, so crowded with secrets! (O’Hara)
21.If only Richard had left him alone, without interference, simply left him alone. (Cron.)
22.If only he had learned to read and write, to use pencil and paper for storing things from the mind, as this man and others like him did. (Hailey)
2.Transform the following sentences so as to use Subjunctive II. Express advice in A, preference in B and wish in C.
A. Model: You oughtn’t to eat so much sweet. It is not advisable to eat so much sweet. – You had better not eat so much sweet.
1.I think we ought to stop now.
2.If you feel tired you ought to stop and have a rest.
3.If you want to get the eight o’clock train you ought to make haste.
4.What do you think I ought to read?
5.The doctor told her that she ought to stay in bed.
6.It is not advisable for children to sit in front of a television set all evening.
7.It’s already late. Ought not the children to go to bed?
8.I think we have lost our way. We ought to ask someone to show us the way.
9.I advise you to try on another dress. This one is too tight for you.
10.It’s getting dark. We ought to switch on the light.
11.The ice is too thin yet. You ought not to allow the children to skate on the lake.
B.Model: Do you prefer to walk or to ride? – Would you rather walk or ride? 1. Would you prefer to go to the concert or to the cinema?
2. They prefer going by air.
3. Do you prefer to have tea or coffee?
4. She says she prefers not to go to the country this Sunday.
5. Would you like to go to the concert or to listen to it at home on the radio? 6. Would you like to go to the stadium or to watch the match on TV?
7. I prefer apples to pears.
8. I prefer to go to the Crimea this summer. 9. I prefer strong tea to weak tea.
10.She would prefer not to tell you what happened. 11.I would prefer that you asked.
12.Would you prefer to stay here?
C.Models: 1. My great wish is to be somewhere at the seaside now, with the sea.
and the yellow sand and the sunshine! – If only I were somewhere at the seaside now, the sea and the yellow sand and the sunshine!
2. It’s such a pity you missed that chance! – If only you hadn’t missed that chance.
1.I want so much to get there in time!
2.It’s such a pity I could not help him.
3.I wanted so much to be able to tell her everything.
4.I want so much it to be true!
5.It’s such a pity you haven’t warned me!
6.It’s a great pity she has not taken my advice.
7.It’s such a pity she didn’t come earlier!
8.It’s such a pity she didn’t realize how important it is.
9.It’s such a pity she didn’t know about it!
10.It’s a pity you didn’t tell her the truth!
11.I want so much to be able to help you!
3.Make up short dialogues beginning them with sentences furnished below, which express advice, preference or wish.
1.If only I knew about it!
2.Hadn’t you better take an umbrella.
3.I would rather you come tomorrow than today.
4.You had better mind your own business.
5.If only it were me!
6.Oh, my dear, if you only could manage that.
7.If only you could have seen it!
8.I’d better go home now.
9.The question had better be cleared up at once.
10.If only she could come tonight!
11.They will be expecting me. I had better go. 12.Wouldn’t you rather go to the cinema or to the concert?
4. Translate into English
1.«Я предпочла бы знать правду», - сказала Энн.
2.Если бы мы могли быть там, чтобы помочь ей.
3.«Утро, - сказала мама. - Тебе бы лучше встать, пора идти в школу».
4.Мама была расстроена: «Не лучше ли тебе остаться дома».
5.Боб предпочел бы остаться с Мэри, но она не захотела этого.
6.«У меня ужасно болит голова. Мне лучше бы съесть что-нибудь и выпить что-нибудь теплое», - сказал Питер.
7.Келли боялась сказать правду, она думала, что ей лучше было бы промолчать.
8.Если бы только он смог прийти вовремя!
9.«О, если бы ты смог жениться на Мэри!» - воскликнула мать. «Нет, я бы скорей предпочел остаться один до конца моих дней!» - закричал
Энтони.
10.Возможно, кто-нибудь смог бы инвестировать мое дело. Но мне бы лучше справиться самому с моими проблемами.
11.Мы будем ужинать в ресторане или ты предпочитаешь, чтобы я приготовила ужин дома?
12.Было бы гораздо лучше сказать обо всем сразу.