Such constructions cannot be changed by dependent clauses.
Exercise 1. Paraphrase using dependent clauses instead of the participial constructions if possible.
1) We often speak about our friends living in the south. 2) They spoke about their relatives living in the north. 3) Not knowing the man, I can’t introduce you to him. 4) Not remembering the title of the book, we had to look it up.
5) Climbing the mountain, he broke his leg. 6) The playing children were too noisy. 7) He admired the starts twinkling in the sky. 8) The children ran in jumping. 9) When watching TV I turned in. 10) Having a good command of Japanese he could translate the poems. 11) When listening to her I understood the reason of her arrival. 12) The woman dancing near me looked familiar. 13) When talking to my brother I looked out of the window and noticed a girl coming to our house. 14) They gave us a book lying on the table. 15) Thinking about the future plans Robert forgot completely about the boiling water. 16) The girl standing by the window is my sister.
Exercise 2. Translate.
1)Дети наблюдали за тем, как тушили пожар. 2) Мы увидели мужчину, приближающегося к нашему дому. 3) Когда ты приедешь в Лондон, встретишь мужчину, стоящего около окна и курящего длинную сигарету. 4) Возьми книгу, которая лежит на полке. 5) Он сидел в кресле , читая газету. 6) Так как у нас было много времени, мы решили пойти на вокзал пешком. 7) Таможенник стоял на палубе, считая ящики.
8)Приехав на вокзал, я позвал носильщика. 9) Когда я шел домой, я встретил брата. 10) Я поднял письмо, которое лежало на полу.
Exercise 3. Insert the appropriate form of Participle I.
1. Derek, who had slept the sleep of the dead, ____ none for two nights, woke
____ of Nedda. (to have, to think). 2) The street was full of people, ____ and
____ home. (to laugh, to go). 3) The gypsy smiled, ____ his teeth. (to show) 4) While ____ my directions, he glanced at me now and then, suspiciously, from under his frost-white eye - lashes. (to obey) 5) ____ them, he raised his coffee cup. (to watch) 6) It [the letter] contained very little matter, ____ in haste; but the meaning was bulky enough. (to write) 7) He went upstairs again, ____ past the door, and ____ his room, switched on the light. (to tiptoe, to enter) 8) The missionary, ____ daily opportunities of looking at this seascape for thirty years or so, pays no heed to it, ____ in trimming a huge red geranium bush ( to have, to absorb) 9) ____ my back on him I started down the steps. (to turn) 10) At that moment he was plunged in the depth of an easy-chair, ____ to by Mr. Vandernoodt. (to talk) 11) There was only one candle ____ on the rough board table. (to flicker) 12) Boldwood, ____ her comparatively isolated , came up to
her side. (to see). 13) On the sultry platform of Grand Central he opened the bulky Times …, ____ the valise on his feet. (to set) 14) Young Herndon had done preparatory work at Illions College for a year but, not ____ to the college proper had returned home. (to admit) 15) ____ his hands and ____ a towel over his face, he followed her down the stairs of the hushed house. (to wash, to pass)
16) Frank ____ … the step on the gravel, turned sharply round. (to hear) 17) She had not brought him money or position, ____ no more than the daughter of a famous doctor. (to be) 18) Abraham was back at the end of three weeks, ____ an extra eighty miles. (to ride) 19) Then swiftly ____ neither to left nor right, she returned to Adrian. (to look) 20) And ____ this in her official and impersonal tone of voice, the chambermaid then grinned, winked and vanished. (to say) 21) The campaign progressed uneventually , from day to day, no longer ____ in news broadcasts. (to mention) 22) ____ that no one else was coming, Mr. Lincoln rose. (to see) 23) ____ dinner, Soames lighted the second of his two daily cigars, and took up the ear-pieces of the wireless. (to finish)
Exercise 4. Translate into English, using Participle I where possible.
1) Получив телеграмму, моя сестра немедленно выехала в Москву. 2) Войдя в класс, учительница спросила дежурного, кто отсутствует. 3) Мать улыбалась, глядя на детей, играющих в саду. 4) Взяв перо и бумагу, мальчик стал писать письмо отцу, уехавшему на Дальний Восток. 5) Услышав голос товарища, я вышел из комнаты, чтобы встретить его. 6) Увидев незнакомого человека, я извинился и вернулся в свою комнату. 7) Будьте осторожны, переходя улицу. 8) Приехав в Москву, мы прежде всего сдали вещи на хранение (to leave something in the left luggage room). 9)
Читая эту книгу, я встретил несколько интересных выражений (to come across). 10) Прочитав книгу, мальчик вернул ее в библиотеку. 11) Проведя лето в деревне, больной совершенно поправился (to be fully recovered). 12) Студенты, читающие английские книги в оригинале, легко овладевают языком. 13) Увидев своих друзей, пришедших проводить его, он подошел к ним.
Exercise 5. Replace the construction with Participle I by a clause.
a)1. Which of the four men smoking by the fireplace is Ben? 2. They passed groups of farm-workers trimming vines and picking ripe apricots. 3. From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements. 4. There is a covered passage connecting the kitchen with the garage. 5. A gloomy darkness covered the little hill overlooking the two valleys. 6. When you enter the hall you will see a staircase leading to the basement. 7. A new road will soon be built joining the plant with the railway station.
b)1. She smiled remembering the joke. 2. Every now and then the man raises his head from the book, looking at the clock on the opposite wall. 3. I hope you will write soon, explaining your intention. 4. Closing the door gently, she
stole upstairs. 5. Receiving no reply by the end of the month we shall consider the order cancelled. 6. Taking a book from the shelf, he sat down under the floor-lamp to read it. 7.We shall go by train as far as Odessa, then take a boat to Batumi, finally returning by plane. 8. In the evening they caught some fish, eating part of it and saving the rest for breakfast.
Exercise 6. Translate into Russian .
1. Saying that he left the room. 2. Knowing nothing of the dangers we continued our way. 3. While discharged the goods the workers came upon a numbers of Bags damaged by sea - water. 4. The contract contains a clause providing that all disputes from time to time arising under it , should be referred to arbitration. 5. We watched the fire burning in the fire-place. 6. When looking out of the window I saw that it started to rain. 7. I saw a blooming flower near the house standing opposite the University. 8. When asking him this question I didn’t expect such a strange answer. 9. Being good in physics he could cope with all the tasks. 10. The woman singing this song is my sister. 11. He stood by the window reading a letter. 12. Being very tired he couldn’t hear anything. 13.
We spoke about the play being in fashion. 14. Not seeing the letters, he couldn’t read anything.
II.PERFECT PARTICIPLE ACTIVE
Perfect Participle Active is used in the function of an adverbial modifier and denotes an action prior to that of the predicative.
1.Perfect Participle Active is used in participial constructions to express the adverbial modifier of reason.
e.g. Having lived in Moscow for many years (= As he had lived) he knew that city very well.
2.Perfect Participle Active is used as an adverbial modifier of time.
e.g. Having collected all the material (= After he had collected all the material), he was able to write a full report on the work of the commission.
III.PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
Perfect participle Passive is used as an adverbial modifier of reason and time and expresses an action prior to that of the Predicative.
e.g. Having been sent to the wrong address (= As the letter had been sent to the wrong address) the letter didn’t reach him.
Perfect Participle Passive is often changed into Present Participle Passive and Past Participle:
-Having been sent = Being sent = Sent
1. As they had read the article they started to translate it. 2. After he had washed
all the dishes he started to bake a pie. 3. As I had repeated the poem 4 times I decided to go for a walk. 4. As my brother had painted the fence he started to paint the floor. 5. After I had watched the film I advised my friends to see it. 6. After I had received a letter I decided to call him up. 7. As they had completed the application form they sent it to the office. 8. As we had reviewed the material we were ready to do the exercises. 9. After my mother had graduated from the college she entered the University. 10. As I had sent you a post-card I decided to phone my mother.
Exercise 2. Translate the following.
1. Прожив в Петербурге 5 лет, она решила переехать в Москву. 2. Выполнив задание по переводу, я смогла посмотреть мой любимый фильм. 3. Купив подарок, он мог смело идти на вечеринку. 4. Так как Майкл собрал достаточно книг, он мог написать доклад. 5. Так как мы выполнили всю работу по дому, у нас было много свободного времени. 6. Заполнив все необходимые документы, Джeк ждал приглашения на собеседование. 7. Отобрав нужные картины, Ирина решила открыть выставку. 8. Сделав выбор, она была готова действовать. 9. Уложив все вещи, мы поехали на вокзал. 10. Почистив ботинки, он обулся и вышел из дома.
Exercise 3. Substitute Participle I for a finite verb where possible making all other necessary changes.
1. When he arrived at the gallery, he paid his entrance fee, picked up a catalogue and entered. 2. As they were promised assistance they felt more assured. 3. We shall drop you a line as soon as we have settled at the new place. 4. After he was shown in he was asked to wait a while. 5. The parks and gardens that are being laid out in the city will very soon form a green belt all around it. 6. They started the construction of the gallery early in spring and completed it before cold weather set in. 7. He lit a cigarette, leaned against the porch rail and looked at the trees and the rain that was pouring down steadily and monotonously. 8. It has been planned to dig out a new canal here which will supply the whole area with water for irrigation. 9. When she was going down the steps she suddenly stopped as she remembered that she left the gas burning. 10. He stood at the counter and hesitated, he did not know what to choose.
1. (to reject) by the editorial board, the story was returned to the author for revision. 2. (to reject) by publishers several times, the story was accepted by a weekly magazine. 3. (to wait) for some time in the reception room, he was asked into the office. 4. (to wait) in the reception room, he thought over what he would say when he was asked into the office. 5. They reached the peak at dusk, (to leave) their camp with first light. 6. They put up for the night at a temporary
camp, (to leave) it at dawn. 7. The friends went out into the city (to leave) their cases at the left luggage department. 8.(to write) and (to leave) a note with the porter, he said he would be back in a half-hour. 9. (to write) in an archaic language, the book was difficult to read. 10. (to write) his first book, he could not go far beyond his own experience. 11. (to be) away so long he was happy to be coming back. 12. (to be) so far away he still felt himself part of his community. 13. The children looked wonderingly at the elephant, never (to see) such a huge animal. 14. Not (to want) to go deeper into the matter, he abruptly changed the conversation.
1.Present Participle Passive is used as an attribute in participial constructions coinciding with attributive clauses with the verbs in passive voice. In this function it is used to show the action happening at the moment.
e.g. The large building being built in our street (= which is being built) is a new schoolhouse.
2.Present Participle Passive is used as an adverbial modifier in participial constructions to express reason and time.
e.g. Being packed in strong cases (= As the goods were packed), the goods arrived in good condition.
Being asked (= When he was asked) whether he intended to return soon, he answered that he would be away for about three months.
V.PAST PARTICIPLE
Past Participle (Participle II) is used as an attribute: a) Before nouns
e.g. A broken cup was lying on the table.
b) After the noun in participial constructions
e.g. All books taken from the library (=which were taken from the library) must be returned next week
Exercise 1. Translate the following.
1.Когда его попросили надеть новый костюм, он неохотно согласился.
2.Так как книга была завернута в красивую бумагу, мы решили купить ее в качестве подарка.
3.Машина, которую ремонтируют у нас в гараже, принадлежит моему другу.
4.Когда его назвали по имени , он оглянулся и увидел свою сестру.
5.Так как работа была выполнена превосходно, все сотрудники получили дополнительное вознаграждение.
6.Все привезенные из Франции учебники будут переданы в библиотеку нашего университета.
7.Ушибленная нога Луизы не давала ей заснуть.