Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ
ɉɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɩɪɹɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɨɦ ɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɢɧɞɭɫɬɪɢɹ ɭɠɟ ɞɟ ɮɚɤɬɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɣ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɉɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɦ ɹɞɪɨɦ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɹ ɚɬɬɪɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɦ ɢɧɞɭɫɬɪɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɥɟɱɺɬ ɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ
Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵɞɥɹ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɪɨɫɬɭ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɫɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɪɨɡɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɢɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɞɟɠɞɵ ɢ ɨɛɭɜɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɭɜɟɧɢɪɨɜɢɫɢɦɜɨɥɢɤɢɢɞɪɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɦɟɫɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɬɨɤ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɵ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ
Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɵɝɨɞɚ ɨɬ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɥɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɜɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɬɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɢɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ
ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɦɟɫɬ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɟɡɨɧɧɨɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɢɡɤɨɨɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɦɟɫɬ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɦɢ Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɫɬ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɦɟɫɬ ɩɭɫɬɶ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ Ɍɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɭɡɤɨɦ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ
Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɟɺ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɧɨ ɢ ɭ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɨɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
3XEOLF ILQDQFLQJ RI SURIHVVLRQDO EDVHEDOO VWDGLXPV KWWS ZZZ LER Q\F Q\ XV LERUHSRUW V VWDGWHVW KWPO!
Jensen S.A)LQDQFLQJ 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUWV )DFLOLWLHV ZLWK )HGHUDO 7D[ 6XEVLGLHV ,V LW 6RXQG 7D[ 3ROLF\" 0DUTXHWWH 6SRUWV /DZ 5HYLHZ ± 6SULQJ ± 9RO ± ʋ ± 3 ± ± 3 KWWS VFKRODUVKLS ODZ PDUTXHWWH HGX FJL YLHZFRQWHQW FJL"DUWLFOH FRQWH[W VSRUWVODZ!
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɫɬ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɂɧɨɝɞɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɹ ɱɬɨ ɫ ɷɬɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦɢ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ Ɍɚɤ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɜɵɝɨɞɭ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɬ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɡ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɚ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɨɫɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦ ɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɭ Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɩɹɬɶ ɠɟ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɭ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɚɹɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɚ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦɭ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɭ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɭɸ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɸ ɧɟɠɟɥɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɥɭɛɵ
Ɉɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɺɧɧɵɦɢ Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɨɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɜɨɡɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɧɟɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɝɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɋɩɨɪɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɮɟɪɨɣ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɢ ɷɬɚɪɨɥɶ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɬɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɡɚ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɚɳɢɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ
Wilhelm S. 3XEOLF )XQGLQJ RI 6SRUWV 6WDGLXPV >ɉɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ@ &HQWHU IRU 3XEOLF 3ROLF\ $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ KWWS FSSD XWDK HGX BGRFXPHQWV SXEOLFDWLRQV ILQDQFH WD[ VSRUWV VWDGLXPV SGI! ± S ± 3Jensen S.A)LQDQFLQJ 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUWV )DFLOLWLHV ZLWK )HGHUDO 7D[ 6XEVLGLHV ,V LW 6RXQG 7D[ 3ROLF\" 0DUTXHWWH 6SRUWV /DZ 5HYLHZ ± 6SULQJ ± 9RO ± ʋ ± 3 ± ± 3 ±
KWWS VFKRODUVKLS ODZ PDUTXHWWH HGX FJL YLHZFRQWHQW FJL"DUWLFOH FRQWH[W VSRUWVODZ!
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ ɥɸɛɵɦɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɞɭɳɢɦɢ ɜɪɚɡɪɟɡ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɷɬɢɤɨɣ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɶ
ɂɦɢɞɠɟɜɵɟ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ
ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɤɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɑɶɟɧ ɘ Ʌɢ ɉɢɧ ɑɚɨ Ʌɢ ɢ ɘɣ Ɏɚɧ ɇɚɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ
ɉɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɋɚɪɚ ɍɢɥɯɷɥɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɵɝɨɞɭ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɨɥɭɱɢɟ ɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɚɦɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɇɟɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɵɝɨɞɵ ɨɬ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɢ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɝɨɪɞɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɩɪɢɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɢ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɚɦɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɭɜɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɢɞɚɧɢɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚɦ ɛɨғɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ
Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɸɬ ɉɢɬɟɪ Ƚɪɨɬɭɢɫ Ȼɪɸɫ Ⱦɠɨɧɫɨɧ ɢ Ⱦɠɨɧ ɍɚɣɬɯɟɞ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɤɫɬɟɪɧɚɥɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɂ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɷɬɢ ɷɤɫɬɟɪɧɚɥɢɢ
Rochebloine F. *RRG JRYHUQDQFH DQG HWKLFV LQ VSRUW >ɏɨɪɨɲɟɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɷɬɢɤɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ@ 5HSRUW ʋ 3$&( &RPPLWWHH RQ &XOWXUH 6FLHQFH (GXFDWLRQ DQG 0HGLD KWWS DVVHPEO\ FRH LQW QZ [PO ;5HI ;UHI ;0/ +70/ HQ DVS"ILOHLG ODQJ HQ! ± ± S ± 3
Lin C.-Y., Lee P.-C., Nai H.-F. 7KHRUL]LQJ WKH 5ROH RI 6SRUW LQ 6WDWH 3ROLWLFV >Ɋɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɪɨɥɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɟ@ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDO RI 6SRUW DQG ([HUFLVH 6FLHQFH ± ± 9RO ± ʋ ± 3 ± ± 3 KWWS ZHE QFKX HGX WZ aELRVLPXODWLRQ MRXUQDO SGI YRO QR YRO QR E SGI!
Wilhelm S. 3XEOLF )XQGLQJ RI 6SRUWV 6WDGLXPV >ɉɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ@ &HQWHU IRU 3XEOLF 3ROLF\ $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ KWWS FSSD XWDK HGX BGRFXPHQWV SXEOLFDWLRQV ILQDQFH WD[ VSRUWV VWDGLXPV SGI! ± S ± 3Holland J.K. 'HWHUPLQDQWV RI 3XEOLF )XQGLQJ IRU 3URIHVVLRQDO $WKOHWLF 9HQXHV KWWS VFKRODUVKLS FODUHPRQW HGX FJL YLHZFRQWHQW FJL"DUWLFOH FRQWH[W FPFBWKHVHV! ±
± S ± 3 ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɛɵ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ
ɉɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɬɟɤɬɨɩɨɫɟɳɚɸɬɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɦɨɝɭɬɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɬɶɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɱɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɨɬɞɵɯɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɟɝɢɛɤɨɫɬɢ ɫɟɦɟɣɧɵɯ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ
ɂɦɢɞɠɟɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ
ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɨ
ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɢɞɠɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɇɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɡɧɚɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɭɛɚ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɢɦɢɞɠɚ ɧɚɫɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɞɚɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɞɨɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɚɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ ɬɪɟɤɨɜ ɝɨɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɫɫ ɬɪɚɦɩɥɢɧɨɜ ɢ ɬ ɞ
Ɍɚɤ ɜɵɞɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɤɚɧɚɞɫɤɢɣ ɯɨɤɤɟɢɫɬ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɟɰ ɤɥɭɛɚ ɇɏɅ ©ɉɢɬɬɫɛɭɪɝ ɉɢɧɝɜɢɧɡª ɫ ɝɨɞɚ Ɇɚɪɢɨ Ʌɟɦɶɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥ ©Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɦ >ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ@ ȿɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɣɞɟɧɨ ɬɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɲɥɨɫɶ ɛɵ ɩɪɨɞɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɭ ɤɨɦɭ ɬɨ ɤɬɨ ɫɭɦɟɥ ɛɵ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɟɺ >ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɛɚɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ@ª
ɐɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭɫɩɨɪɬɭɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɬɟɦɢ ɫɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ ɢɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ ɱɬɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɜɵɝɨɞɵ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɚɦɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɣ ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɛɥɚɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɟ ɬɨ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɢ ɢɯ ɢɝɪɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ
Groothuis P.A., Johnson B.K., Whitehead J.C. 3XEOLF )XQGLQJ RI 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUWV 6WDGLXPV 3XEOLF &KRLFH RU &LYLF 3ULGH" (DVWHUQ (FRQRPLF-RXUQDO ± )DOO ± 9RO ± ʋ ± 3 ± ± 3 KWWS OLEUHV XQFJ HGX LU DVX I JURRWKXLVBSHWHUB BSXEOLFBIXQGLQJ SGI!
ɐɢɬ ɩɨSimonich M. 7HDPV VTXHH]H FLWLHV WR ILQDQFH QHZ DUHQDV %XW LQ VRPH SODFHV RIILFLDOV KDYH VTXHH]HG EDFN 3RVW *D]HWWH 3LWWVEXUJK ±-XQH
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɤ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɟɛɟɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɝɨɪɨɞɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɠɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɵɝɨɞɚ ɨɬ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɬɚɤɨɣɤɨɦɚɧɞɵɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɬɨɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɟɺɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ
ɋɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɵɜɚɸɳɟ ɱɺɬɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ
ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɤ Ƚɥɚɜɟ
Ʉɚɤɢɟɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ȼɵ ɛɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɥɢ"
Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ"
Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɜɵɛɨɪɭ
Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ
ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɇɚɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɢ ɜ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨ ɧɚ ȼɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ
ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ" Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɦɭ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɸ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
Matheson V.A., Baade R.A.+DYH 3XEOLF )LQDQFH 3ULQFLSOHV %HHQ 6KXW 2XW LQ )LQDQFLQJ 1HZ 6SRUWV 6WDGLXPV IRU WKH 1)/ LQ WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV" &ROOHJH RI WKH +RO\ &URVV KWWS FROOHJH KRO\FURVV HGX 5H3(F KF[ 0DWKHVRQB3XEOLF)LQDQFH SGI! ± ± S ± 3