Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ȼɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɨɫɬɚɬɶɺɣ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚɤɚɧɬɨɧɚɘɪɚɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɹ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɩɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɤɚɧɬɨɧ ɘɪɚ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɤɭɪɫɨɜ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɧɬɨɧ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɜɡɢɦɚɬɶ ɩɥɚɬɭ ɡɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɋɬɚɬɶɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɤɚɧɬɨɧ ɛɟɪɺɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ©Ɇɨɥɨɞɺɠɶ ɫɩɨɪɬª ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɡɚ ɜɵɱɟɬɨɦ ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɣ ɢ ɜɡɧɨɫɨɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɢɯ ɥɢɰ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɥɢɰ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ©Ɇɨɥɨɞɺɠɶ ɫɩɨɪɬª ɭɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɤɚɧɬɨɧ ɛɟɪɺɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɩɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɧɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɜ ɲɜɟɣɰɚɪɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɸɡɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɋɬɚɬɶɺɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɤɚɧɬɨɧɚ ɘɪɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɭɱɚɫɬɢɹɤɚɧɬɨɧɚɜɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɯɧɚɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɺɦ ɢ ɞɨɥɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɷɬɢɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɟɦ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɤɚɧɬɨɧ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚ ɧɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɥɶɝɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɤ ɧɢɦ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɦ ɤɨɦɦɭɧ ɧɚɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɚɤɧɢɦɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɨɞɟɥɚɦɫɩɨɪɬɚɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɤɚɧɬɨɧɚ ɘɪɚ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɩɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɩɟɪɜɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɭɪɫɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɥɚɝɟɪɹ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ E ɦɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ ɧɟɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɥɟɬɧɢɯ ɥɢɰ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɞɨ ɥɟɬ ɫ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɞɥɹ
/RL GH OD 5pSXEOLTXH HW &DQWRQ GX -XUD YLVDQW j HQFRXUDJHU OHV DFWLYLWpV SK\VLTXHV HW OH VSRUW GX QRYHPEUH KWWSV UVMX MXUD FK IU YLHZGRFXPHQW KWPO"LGQLG !
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɢ G ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ± ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚ ɑɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɢɝɪɵ Ɏɷɣɪ ɉɥɷɣ ɟ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ I ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ J ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɡɚɫɥɭɝɢ K ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɜɟɧɬɚɪɹ L ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ M ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ N ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɣ
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚ ɫɬɚɬɶɹ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɩɭɧɤɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɡɚɩɪɟɬ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɞɟɮɢɰɢɬɧɵɯ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɜ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɹɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ
ɉɨɞɩɭɧɤɬ ©Eª ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɨɦ ɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɟɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɟɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɪɚɬɶ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɵ ɢ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɞɨɥɝɨɜɵɟɰɟɧɧɵɟɛɭɦɚɝɢɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɱɚɫɬɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ± ɥɢɲɶ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɜɵɲɟɭɩɨɦɹɧɭɬɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɜɹɬ ɧɟɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɞ ɭɝɪɨɡɭ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɟɺ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ əɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ȼɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɫɨɜɟɬɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɟɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɱɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɡɚ ɫɱɺɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɵ ɢ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɧɨ ɧɢ ɜ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɱɥɟɧɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɩɭɧɤɬ ©Fª ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɦ ©Gª ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɛɟɡ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ȼɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɫɨɜɟɬɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ
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ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɵ ɟɫɥɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɢɯ ɨɛɴɺɦ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɨɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɭ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɉɨɪɬɭɝɚɥɢɢ ɨɬ
ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɯ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɱɥɟɧɚ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɂɬɚɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɜ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɰɟɥɟɜɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
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ɇɨɪɦɵ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɩɨɪɬɚ ȼɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɪɹɞɚɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɟ ɭɩɨɦɢɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ Ɉɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɩɭɧɤɬ ©Pª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ
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©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɢ Ɉɛɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɨɬ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦ ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɦ ɩɭɧɤɬ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɢɢ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦª
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɟɺ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ Ʉɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɰɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɥɢɛɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɯ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɢ ɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɢɢ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦª ɫɬɚɬɶɹ ɢ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɉɨɥɶɲɢ ɨɬɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɉɨɪɬɭɝɚɥɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɯ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɫɬɚɬɶɹ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɑɢɥɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɢ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɫɬɚɬɶɢɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɢɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɹ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɋɨɸɡɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɢ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢª
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɣȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɩɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɉɨɪɬɭɝɚɥɢɢ ɨɬʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɯ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ⱥɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɡɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ȼ ɩɨɥɶɡɭ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɰɟɥɵɣ ɪɹɞ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɟɥɟɜɚɧɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ȼɩɪɨɱɟɦ ɫɬɨɥɶ ɠɟ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɟɥɟɜɚɧɬɧɵ ɢ ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɞɚɧ ɤɪɚɬɤɢɣ ɨɛɡɨɪ ɷɬɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɜɟɪɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ
Ⱥɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɉɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɧɢɠɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɹɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɧɚɟɺɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ±ɜɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢɫɨɫɮɟɪɚɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɬ ɞ
ɉɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɝɨ ɧɚɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ɋɨɛɟɪɬɚ Ȼɚɚɞɟ ɢ ȼɢɤɬɨɪɚ Ɇɷɬɢɫɨɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɧɚɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɫɩɟɤɬɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɦɟɪɬɚɤɨɝɨɪɨɞɚɈɛɵɱɧɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɚ ɧɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɬɨɝɞɚ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɭɠɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɵ
ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɋɚɪɵ ɍɢɥɯɷɥɦ ɤ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɜɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢɧɵɯ ɫɮɟɪ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɨ Ɍɚɤ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɱɬɨ
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