Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɰɟɥɟɜɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɦɭ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɸ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ
ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɳɢɦɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɟɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣɧɚɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɍɚɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɟɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ ɨɬ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɥɢɰɟ ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɥɸɛɵɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɵ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɩɭɧɤɬ ©Jª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɞɰɟɜ ɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɭɧɤɬ ©Kª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɥɢɰɚɦɫɬɢɩɟɧɞɢɢɢɝɪɚɧɬɵɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɩɭɧɤɬ ©Mª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɩɨɨɳɪɹɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɜɄɚɧɚɞɟɢɜɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɫɞɪɭɝɢɦɢɫɬɪɚɧɚɦɢɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɨɦ ɩɭɧɤɬ ©Nª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ
ɉɭɧɤɬ 9, ɫɬɚɬɶɢɈɛɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɨɬ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬ ɤ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ
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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɋɬɚɬɶɹ ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ɉɛɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɜɟɬɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɟ Ⱥɪɬɢɤɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɧɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ
ɉɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɉɨɥɶɲɢ ɨɬ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ©ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɡɚ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɭ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɢɡɚɰɢɸª ɇɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɧɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ
ɉɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɉɨɪɬɭɝɚɥɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ
ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɯ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɩɭɬɺɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɥɸɞɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦ
Ƚɥɚɜɚ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦ ɢ ɬɚɤɨɜɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɠɟ ɭɬɪɚɬɢɜɲɟɝɨ ɫɢɥɭ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ
Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ©Ɉ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥ ɱɬɨ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɨɩɥɚɬɭ ɝɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɬɢɩɟɧɞɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚ ɢɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ
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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥ ɱɬɨ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɨɥɭɱɢɸ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɟ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɬɪɚɬɢɜɲɟɝɨ ɫɢɥɭ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɢ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɬɪɚɬɢɜɲɟɝɨ ɫɢɥɭ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɉɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɷɬɢɦ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɦ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɚɤɬɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɨ
ɉɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɵ Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɑɢɥɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ-. ɢ ɞɪ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɪɹɞɚ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ
ɇɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ȼ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɪɹɞɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɱɚɫɬɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɟ ɭɩɨɦɢɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ©Pª ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ȼɵɫɲɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬ ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɫɭɞɶɛɭ ɱɢɫɬɵɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɨɜɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣɩɪɢɢɯɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɢɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɬɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬ ɨɛɪɟɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɱɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɞɜɢɠɢɦɨɝɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ
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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ
ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɟ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɟɣ ɦɟɪɵ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ
Ɍɚɤ ɩɹɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɨɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɦɭ Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɨ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ȼɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɫɨɜɟɬɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɢɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɩɥɚɧɚ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɷɬɢɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɢ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɥɢɝɨɣ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɥɭɛɚɦɢ ɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɝɨɣ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɦɟɪɵ ɩɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɦ ɚɤɬɟ ɢɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɨɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɋɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ
ɑɚɫɬɶ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɝɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɨɥɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɥɢɝɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ
± ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɥɢɛɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɡɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɥɢɝɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ
± ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ± ɨɞɢɧ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɜɫɟɣ ɜɵɪɭɱɤɢ ɨɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɯ
ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɥɢɝɟ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɟɈɛɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɨɬ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ
©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɦɟɤɫɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɛɨɪɧɵɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɢ ɠɟ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢ ɥɶɝɨɬɚɦɢ ɱɬɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɋɬɚɬɶɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ɉɛɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɮɟɪɵɫɩɨɪɬɚɝɞɟ©ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɩɨɞɱɢɧɺɧɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɦɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɦɩɨɥɭɱɚɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɫɜɨɸ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭª
ɋɨɥɨɜɶɺɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ., ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ. ɂɫɩɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ± Ɇ ± ɫ
/H\*HQHUDOGHORV(VWDGRV8QLGRV0H[LFDQRVGH GH&XOWXUD)tVLFD\ 'HSRUWH 'LDULR 2ILFLDO GH OD )HGHUDFLyQ ± 8OWLPD UHIRUPD SXEOLFDGD ± KWWS ZZZ GLSXWDGRV JRE P[ /H\HV%LEOLR SGI /*&)'B SGI!
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ©Eª ɫɬɚɬɶɢɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɨɬ
ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɩɪɟɦɢɹɯ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɚɯ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɚɞɚɯª ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɫɭɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɟɦɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɟɦɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɟɣ ɩɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɦɢ ɟɺ ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦ ɢɥɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ
ȼɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɦɩɭɧɤɬ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɚ
Ⱥɜɫɬɪɢɢ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦª ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɳɟɚɜɫɬɪɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɦɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɦɢ ɝɞɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɉɭɧɤɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɜɫɬɪɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɱɬɨɨɬɡɚɹɜɢɬɟɥɟɣɧɚɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟɝɪɚɧɬɨɜɧɚɞɚɧɧɵɟɰɟɥɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɭ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɫɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɚɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɟɺ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɟɺ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ
Ʉɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɰɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɥɢɛɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɯ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ
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