Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɥɚɧɬɥɢɜɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɚ
ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɟɣɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵɢɫɩɨɪɬɚɜɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɧɚɩɟɪɢɨɞɞɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɜɲɟɣɜɵɫɨɤɨɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɢ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɰɟɥɶ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ʉ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɨɬɧɟɫɟɧɵ ©ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɩɨɞɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ 9 ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ©ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯª ɩɨɞɩɭɧɤɬ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ ,; ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ©ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹª ɢ ©ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɩɨɞɩɭɧɤɬ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ 9
©Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɭ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ Ɋ Ⱦ Ƚɪɟɛɧɟɜ ± ɧɟɦɢɧɭɟɦɨ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɲɶ ɤ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɬɟɥɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɜɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ʉɚɤɢɦɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɰɟɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɤɚɤɨɜɵ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɫɚɦɭ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɷɬɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ"ª
ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ Ⱥɧɧɟɥɢɡ ɇɟɥɶɫɨɧ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɟɫɥɢ ɧɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɟɫɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɦ ɢ ɪɚɡɨɛɳɺɧɧɵɦ
ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɜɫɺ ɟɺ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
Hoye R., Nicholson M., Houlihan B 6SRUW DQG 3ROLF\ ,VVXHV DQG $QDO\VLV >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ@ ± 2[IRUG (OVHYLHU ± [LLL S ± 3 ±
Ɋɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪ ©Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨ ɝɨɞɚª ɋɨɛɪɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ
Ƚɪɟɛɧɟɜ Ɋ.Ⱦ. Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɉɪɟɞɢɫɥ ɋ ȼ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɚ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɇɚɰ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋ
Nelson A. :KHQ ZKHUH DQG ZK\ GRHV WKH 6WDWH LQWHUYHQH LQ 6SRUW D FRQWHPSRUDU\ SHUVSHFWLYH >Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɝɞɟ ɢ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ@ 6SRUWV /DZ H-RXUQDO ± ± S ± 3
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ȼ ɨɛɳɟɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ©ɰɟɥɶª ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ©ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫª
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ƚ ȼ Ⱥɬɚɦɚɧɱɭɤɭ ɰɟɥɟɩɨɥɚɝɚɧɢɟ ± ɷɬɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɬɟɪɠɟɧɶ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɧɨ ɩɪɨɧɢɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɜɫɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɭɸ ɷɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɤɨɧɫɨɥɢɞɢɪɭɟɬ ɢɯ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɂɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɟɺ ɫɚɦɨɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɟ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɟɸ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɟɸ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɰɟɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɫɧɨ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɵ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɨɯɪɚɧɭ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɨɥɭɱɢɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɚɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɵ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɭɟɬ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɟ
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤɜɩɪɨɱɟɦɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɢɜɞɪɭɝɢɯɫɮɟɪɚɯɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜɝɪɭɩɩ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ
± ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɹɯ ɩɢɫɚɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɩɢɫɚɧɵɯ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɹ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɯ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɯ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɚɦɛɭɥɚɯ ɢ ɩɨɞɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɚɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɰɟɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
± ɰɟɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɡ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ
Ⱦɨɛɪɨɯɨɬɨɜ Ⱥ.Ʌ. ɐɟɥɶ ɇɨɜɚɹ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɹ ɂɧ ɬ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɢ ɊȺɇ ɇɚɰ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɧɚɭɱ ɮɨɧɞ ɟ ɢɡɞ ɢɫɩɪ ɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧ ± Ɇ Ɇɵɫɥɶ
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɍɱ ɂɡɞ ɟ ɞɨɩ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛ ɉɨɞ ɨɛɳ ɪɟɞ Ƚ ȼ Ⱥɬɚɦɚɧɱɭɤɚ ± Ɇ ɂɡɞ ɜɨ ɊȺȽɋ ± ɫ ± ɋ ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
± ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ
ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɜɨɥɹ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɟɝɨ ɜɢғɞɟɧɢɟ
ɬɚɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ± ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɩɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɢɟ ɮɪɚɤɰɢɢ
ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɬɢɣ
ȿɫɥɢ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɺɧ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɬɨ ɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɟ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɹɯ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɦɵ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɦɫɹ ɱɭɬɶ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ɪɟɞ ɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ©ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɰɟɥɢ
D ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɝɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɨɥɭɱɢɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɚɧɚɞɰɟɜ
E ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɧɚɞɰɟɜ ɤ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɸ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɺɬ
ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɩɨɜɫɟɞɧɟɜɧɭɸ ɠɢɡɧɶ
F ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɨɜ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɸ
ɤɚɧɚɞɰɚɦɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢª ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɪɟɚɦɛɭɥɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ
©ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɨɫɜɟɞɨɦɥɺɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ Ʉɚɧɚɞɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨɨɳɪɹɬɶ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɧɚɞɰɚɦ ɜ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɦɢ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɉɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ɪɟɞ ɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ©ɰɟɥɹɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ʉɚɧɚɞɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ D ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɞɰɟɜ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ E ɧɚɪɚɳɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɤɚɧɚɞɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ɪɟɞ ɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª >/RL VXU O DFWLYLWp SK\VLTXH HW OH VSRUW /& @ KWWS ZZZ FDQOLL RUJ IU FD OHJLV ORLV OF F GHUQLHUH OF F KWPO!
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɋɬɚɬɶɹɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ɨɬ ʋ
ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟª ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ
D ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɜɚɠɧɵɣ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɯ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ
E ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɟɝɨ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ
ɫ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɢ ɚɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ
G ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɮɟɪɚɦɢ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɢɚɞɚɩɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɫɩɨɪɬɨɦɚɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɬɟɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ
H ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɸ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɤ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɥɢɰ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ± ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɢ ɩɨɠɢɥɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɢ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɫ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɥɢɧɧɨɣ ɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɥɢɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ
I ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟª >/H\ ʋ ©3URPRFLyQ GH ODV DFWLYLGDGHV GHSRUWLYDV HQ WRGR HO SDtVª 6DQFLRQDGD ± 3URPXOJDGD ± @ %ROHWtQ 2ILFLDO ± ± ʋ /H\ ʋ GH %ROHWtQ 2ILFLDO KWWS VHUYLFLRV LQIROHJ JRE DU LQIROHJ,QWHUQHW DQH[RV WH[DFW KWP!
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
J ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɧɬɚɢɯɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɢɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɡɚɳɢɬɚɢ ɩɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢɝɪ ɢ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚɛɨɪɢɝɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɳɢɧ ɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɥɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ ɞɚɠɟ ɢ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɯ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɢɹ
K ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɩɪɨɜɢɧɰɢɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣɩɨɦɨɳɢɢɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɧɚ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ
L ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦª
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɺɣ ɋɨɸɡɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɢ ɨɬ©Ɉ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢª ©ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɋɨɸɡɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɥɢɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ
D ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɰ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ
E ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɪɨɥɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤɚɞɪɨɜ
F ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ
ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɸ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ
ɫɩɨɪɬɟ
G ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɛɨɪɶɛɭ ɫ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ
H ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ
ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸª ɂɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɤ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɠɟɧɵ ɢ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɰɟɥɢ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ɜ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɢ
ɋɨɸɡɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɢ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢª ©Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɨ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɭª >/RL IpGpUDOH GX MXLQ VXU O¶HQFRXUDJHPHQW GX VSRUW HW GH O¶DFWLYLWp SK\VLTXH@ 5HFXHLO RIILFLHO ± ± 3 ± KWWS ZZZ DGPLQ FK FK I DV SGI! KWWS ZZZ DGPLQ FK FK I UV F B KWPO! ȼɫɬɭɩɢɥ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɫ