Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ Ⱥɡɢɢ ɝɨɞɚ ɜ ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ
Ɋɷɣɦɨɧɞ ɋɚɭɷɪ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɢɝɪ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ©ɡɚɹɜɢɬɶ ɨ ɫɟɛɟª ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɗɬɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɢɝɪɚɯ ɜ ɉɟɤɢɧɟ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɟɝɨ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɦɨɳɧɵɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹɭɪɨɜɧɹɟɝɨɭɡɧɚɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɢɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢɫɪɟɞɢɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɬɨɣ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟ ɱɬɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɧɟɦɚɥɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɫɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ȼɟɫɶɦɚ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɋɒȺ ɝɞɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ ɋɒȺ ɜ Ȼɟɥɨɦ ɞɨɦɟ ɫ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɵɦɢ ɭɡɧɚɜɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɢ ɬɚɥɚɧɬɥɢɜɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚɦɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɤɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɝɞɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɵ ɭɤɪɚɲɚɸɬ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɵɦɢ ɩɥɚɤɚɬɚɦɢ ɫ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɢɞɟɪɨɜ Ɋɷɣɦɨɧɞ ɋɚɭɷɪ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ Ɍɚɤ ɜ Ʉɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɟ ɋɒȺ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɫɥɭɲɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɫ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɥɢɞɟɪɨɜ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɥɢɝɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɢɝɪɵ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ Ʉɨɧɝɪɟɫɫ ɋɒȺ ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ ɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɢɝɪɵ ɩɪɟɡɸɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɋɒȺ ɧɟɩɪɢɤɨɫɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɦ ɨɬ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɚɛɫɬɪɚɤɬɧɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɫɥɭɲɚɧɢɣ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɟ ɜɫɺ ɠɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɟɣ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɟɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɦɢɞɠɟɜɵɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɨɥɢɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɶ
Min A.K. 6SRUW DV D WRRO RI SROLWLFV$VWXG\ RQ 0\DQPDU V 6RXWKHDVW$VLDQ *DPHV $ 7KHVLV LQ 3DUWLDO )XOILOOPHQW RI WKH 5HTXLUHPHQWV IRU WKH 'HJUHH RI 0DVWHU RI ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 5HODWLRQV >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ @ KWWS UHVHDUFKDUFKLYH YXZ DF Q] [POXL ELWVWUHDP KDQGOH WKHVLV SGI"VHTXHQFH ! ± ± S ± 3
Sauer R.D. 6SRUW WKH 6WDWH DQG WKH 0DUNHW >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɵɧɨɤ@ 2FFDVLRQDO 3DSHU ± ± ʋ ± S ± 3 ± KWWS ZZZ IQI RUJ SK GRZQORDGDEOHV 6SRUW 6WDWH 0DUNHW SGI!
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ʉɚɤ ɩɢɲɭɬ ɑɶɟɧ ɘ Ʌɢ ɉɢɧ ɑɚɨ Ʌɢ ɢ ɘɣ Ɏɚɧ ɇɚɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɧɟ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɸɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ
ɉɨ Ʉ Ⱥ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɭ ©ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɢɦɢɞɠ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ± ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɭɞɭɱɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɢɡ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵª ɉɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɭ ɋɒȺ Ⱦɠ Ʉɟɧɧɟɞɢ ɩɪɢɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ©ɉɪɟɫɬɢɠ ɧɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɞɜɟ ɜɟɳɢ ɩɨɥɺɬ ɧɚ Ʌɭɧɭ ɢ ɡɨɥɨɬɵɟ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɞɚɥɢª
ȼ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ Ɍɚɤ Ʉɢɬɚɣ ɢɧɢɰɢɢɪɨɜɚɥ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɟɫɧɵɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɦ ɫ Ɂɚɩɚɞɨɦ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɏɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɨɣɧɵ Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɟ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɨɣ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɷɬɨ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɢɦɟɥɨ ɦɟɫɬɨ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɫɬɚɥ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɢɪɚ ɜɜɢɞɭ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜ ɜɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɳɚɹ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɵɯɨɞɢɬ ɡɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɸ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɚ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ©ɩɨɧɭɠɞɚɸɳɟɣª ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɢ
ɋɩɨɪɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɝɞɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɞɟɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɫɬɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɋ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɷɬɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ
Lin C.-Y., Lee P.-C., Nai H.-F. 7KHRUL]LQJ WKH 5ROH RI 6SRUW LQ 6WDWH 3ROLWLFV >Ɋɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɪɨɥɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɟ@ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDO RI 6SRUW DQG ([HUFLVH 6FLHQFH ± ± 9RO ± ʋ ± 3 ± ± 3
Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜ Ʉ.Ⱥ. ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɢɦɢɞɠɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɂɦɢɞɠ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɇɨɜɵɟ ɢɞɟɢ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɋɛ ɧɚɭɱ ɬɪɭɞɨɜ ȼɵɩ ± ɋɉɛ
ɐɢɬ ɩɨɄɭɡɶɦɢɧ ɋ.ȼ. ɍɝɨɥɨɜɧɚɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɩɨɞɤɭɩ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɡɪɟɥɢɳɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɨɜ Ⱦɢɫ ɤɚɧɞ ɸɪɢɞɢɱ ɧɚɭɤ ± Ɇ ± ɋ
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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɸ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ
ɋɩɨɪɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɦ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɢɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɤɚɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɨ ɬɨɣ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟ ɱɬɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɵɦ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɚ ɋɩɨɪɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɟɲɺɜɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣɡɚɧɹɬɨɫɬɢɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɪɟɞɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɢ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɢ
ɂɧɜɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɭɫɩɟɯɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ± ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɨɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɵ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɧɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɞɨɪɨɝɢ ɠɟɥɟɡɧɵɟ ɞɨɪɨɝɢ ɚɷɪɨɩɨɪɬɵ ɩɨɪɬɵ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɵ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ
ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ɜɧɟɲɧɟɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ
± ɪɟɩɭɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɢɞɠɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɚɪɟɧɟ
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ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ
± ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ
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± ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɞɭɫɬɪɢɢ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɩɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɟɺ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɚɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢɧɵɯ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɵɯ ɫɮɟɪ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ
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± ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɟɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɩɶɹɧɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɢɡɦɚ ɬɚɛɚɤɨɤɭɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɪɤɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɨɤɫɢɤɨɦɚɧɢɢ
± ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ
ɋɦKhomchenko E.O. 6LJQLILFDQFH RI VSRUW DW WKH :HOIDUH 6WDWH >Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ@ H /H[ 6SRUWLYD -RXUQDO ± ± 9RO , ± ʋ ± 3 ± Ⱥɪɢɫɬɨɜ ȿ.ȼ. ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɉɪɚɜɨ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ± ± ʋ ± & ± Ⱥɪɢɫɬɨɜ ȿ.ȼ. ɋɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɛɥɚɝɨɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɉɪɚɜɨ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ± ± ʋ ± & ± Aristov E.V. 6SRUWV LQ WKH :HOIDUH 6WDWH >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ@ H /H[ 6SRUWLYD-RXUQDO ± ± 9RO ,,, ± ʋ ± ± 3 ± Aristov E.V. 7KH :HOIDUH 6WDWH DQG 6SRUW >ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ@ 6SRUWV /DZ 5HYLHZ 3DQGHNWLV ± ± 9RO ± ʋ ± ± 3 ±
ɋɦȽɚɥɤɢɧ ȼ.ȼ. ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ± Ɇ Ʉɧɨɪɭɫ ± ɫ ± ɋ ±
ɋɦȽɚɥɤɢɧ ȼ.ȼ. ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ± Ɇ Ʉɧɨɪɭɫ ± ɫ ± ɋ ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
± ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɚ ɡɚɦɟɞɥɢɬɟɥɹ ©ɫɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɟɥɹª ɢ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɟɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɢɡɦɚ ɢ ɷɤɫɬɪɟɦɢɡɦɚ ɜ ɞɟɬɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ
± ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɚɬɪɢɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɥɢɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ
± ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ
ɩɟɪɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɦɚɫɫ
ɉɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
©ɉɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ± ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɸ Ⱥ Ȼ Ɂɟɥɟɧɰɨɜɚ ± ɫɭɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɚɹ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɥɢɰɟ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɯ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢ ɜɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɸɫɬɢɰɢɢª
ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɢɪɭɹ
ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ Ɋ Ⱦ Ƚɪɟɛɧɟɜɚ ©ɜɚɠɧɵɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɣ
ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɷɬɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨɟ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣª
ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ⱦ ɇ Ȼɚɯɪɚɯɚ Ȼ ȼ Ɋɨɫɫɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɘ ɇ ɋɬɚɪɢɥɨɜɚ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɢɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱ ©ɜ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɋɚɦɨ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɬɶ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵª ɷɬɨ ± ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ©ɚɤɬɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɝɥɚɜɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ
Ɂɟɥɟɧɰɨɜ Ⱥ.Ȼ. Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋȽɪɟɛɧɟɜ Ɋ.Ⱦ. Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ
ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɇɚɰ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ɊɎ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋ