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8. What is feedback principle?

9. For what purpose did James Watt invent the flyball governor? And when?

10. What operations are commonly applied to a wide variety of production

A.Memorize the words from Ex. I and be ready to do a dictation.

B.It is very important to be able to analyze and compress the information you are constantly getting. Making abstracts and summaries can be very helpful. Try to write the summary of the text above. Useful phrases are here http://www.kfmaas.de/summary1.html and here

http://www.findyourfeet.de/usr/doc/FyF cm writingsummary.pdf. What’s the difference between an abstract and a summary?бА

paper to be presented at a seminar or a conference, whereas Summary is

usually presented at the end of an essay or paper.

An abstract is said to reflect the mind of Иthe author of the research paper. A summary, on the other hand, is said to reflect the events of the particular act of a play, in a nutshell.

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1.Reason for writing: What is the importance of the research? Why would a reader be interested in the larger work?

2.Problem: What problem does this work attempt to solve? What is the

scope of the project? What is the main argument, thesis or claim?

3.Methodology: An abstract of a scientific work may include specific models or approaches used in the larger study. Other abstracts may describe the types of evidence used in the research.

4.Results: An abstract of a scientific work may include specific data thatАб

5. Implications: How does this work add to the body of knowledge on the topic? Are there any practical or theoretical applications from your findings or implications for future research?

Look specifically for these main parts of the article, paper, or report: purpose, methods, scope, results, conclusions, and recommendation.

If you’re writing an abstract about another person’s article, paper, or report, the introduction and the summary are good places to begin. These areas generally cover what the article emphasizes.

After you’ve finished rereading the article, paper, or report, write a rough draft without looking back at what you’re abstracting.

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Don’t merely copy key sentences from the article, paper, or report: you’ll put in too much or too little information.

Don’t rely on the way material was phrased in the article, paper, or report: summarize information in a new way.

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TEST YOURSELF

Automated manufacturing had several 1)___ in its 2)___. 3)___ was

the first step necessary in the development of automation. The 4)___ of work made it possible to 5)___ and 6)___ machines that resembled the

12)dangerous to human workers, are now widely used to 13)___,

14), and 15) both light and heavy 16)___ performing all the func-

operation of the 37)___ factory.

Automation has also had an 38)___ on the areas of the economy other than manufacturing. Small computers are used in systems called word 39)___, which are rapidly becoming a standard part of the modern 40)___.

Not all industries 41)___ the same degree of automation. Sales, agriculture, and some service industries are 42)___ to automate, though agriculture industry may become more 43)___, especially in the 44)___ and 45)___ of foods.

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Nevertheless, each industry has its own 46)___ of automation that answers its particular production 47)___.

How many mistakes have you done? What are they?

СLesson 6

Refresh the words in Ex. I (Lesson 5) and get ready to have a dictation.

I. Listen and repeat. Using the dictionary, write in the [træn'skripSn] of the words into the table below. The first word is already done for you.

16production rate ………………

require

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II. Find the words in the text “Types of automation” and translate the word combinations with these words. The first word combination is already done for you:

application – the most important application area – самая важная область применения

TYPES OF AUTOMATION

Manufacturing is one of the most importantИapplication area for automation technology. There are several types of automation in manufacturing. The examples of automated systems used in manufacturing are described below.

1. Fixed automation, sometimes called «hard automation» refers to automated machines in which the equipment configuration allows fixed sequence of processing operations. These machines are programmed by their design to make only certain processing operations. They are not easily changed over from one product style to another. This form of automation needs high initial investments and high production rates. That is why it is suitable for products that are made in large volumes. Examples of fixed

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