Материал: Gateway Учебник английский ключи A2

Student’s Book answer key

B2

7  You need to try harder if you want to be a professional illusionist.

8  Houdini was one of the most famous illusionists in the world.

9  That film was terrible! It’s the least interesting film I’ve ever seen.

10  She did better than me in the test.

5a

Students’ own answers

5b

Students’ own answers

6

a  We use as … as to say two things are the same.

b  We use not as … as or, not so … as or less … than to say that the second person or thing is more … than the first one.

c  Students’ own answers

7

2  c 3 a 4 g 5 e 6 b 7 d

Developing vocabulary p47

1

actor, artist, politician, writer

2

actor, action appearance confidence creator, creation difference

education, educator electricity, electrician employment, employer happiness improvement, improver invention, inventor

investigation, investigator madness

musician, musicality relevance

scientist

3

a  scientists    b  importance    c  electricity d  creation    e  inventor    f  improvements g  disappearance    h  ability    i  difference

Gateway to life skills pp48–49

1

Suggested answers

Garry Kasparov, Marie Curie, William Shakespeare, Galileo Galilei,

Nicolaus Copernicus, Leonardo da Vinci, Albert Einstein

2a

Students’ own answers

2b

Students’ own answers

3

4

1  That some people believe this is what shows you are clever, but this is only one type of intelligence.

2  Because people are good at different things.

3  It is difficult to measure intelligence because it depends on what type of intelligence you are talking about.

4  Children who have access to musical instruments can become great musicians if they start early; bilingual or multilingual children.

5

a  5    b​   4    c​   1    d​   3    e​   7    f​  2    g​   6

6

Students’ own answers

7

Intelligence 1: use flashcards for difficult concepts, extensive notes

Intelligence 2: organise notes in alphabetical/numerical order Intelligence 3: use graphs or mind maps Intelligence 4: use music to remember concepts and words

Intelligence 5: use real-life examples to relate to concepts

Intelligence 6: set up a study group, talk to a classmate

Intelligence 7: keep a journal, study in a quiet area

8

Students’ own answers

Listening p50

1

Example answers

1  I would like to try rock climbing, but I think it looks very risky.

2  People who like doing extreme sports. 3  I think you have to train a lot to do this and be very fit.

2

1  T 2 T 3 F 4 NM 5 T 6 F

7  NM 8 T

3

1  900

2  nine

3  She’s a grandmother and very busy.

4  60 metres

5  it is surrounded by water; bad weather

6  one in 400

7  how to watch body language and to notice typical things we say when we’re nervous

8  It’s a pity to spend our lives not realising we have a special talent.

4

Example answers

1  I think I would like to watch this TV series because it is different from ordinary talent shows. I love watching other people be good at things.

2  I would love to do tests to see if I have a hidden talent because it could change my life.

Grammar in context pp50–51

1

Students’ own answers

2

1  a, a programme 2 b, the programme, the series 3 d, the world 4 e, the best diver, the first 5 c, nurses, patients, emergencies

3

1  –, –

2  a, a, a

3  the, –

4  –

5  The, the

6  a, –, –

7  an, the, a

8  –, the

4

a  a    b  an    c  an    d  –    e  a    f  the    g  the    h  a    i  the    j  the

5

One of the most interesting episodes of Hidden Talent was about a boy called James Whinnery. He was only 19. They discovered that the boy had a special talent for (1) the languages. He learnt

(2) the Arabic in just 19 weeks. He did a test working in (3) a Turkish restaurant for a day talking to the waiters in Arabic. Then, for his training, they say he learnt (4) the new words – one hundred words each day! At the end of the episode, he travelled to Jordan and they interviewed him in Arabic on a special programme. Of course, nobody can really learn (5) a new language in just 19 weeks. But James learnt a lot of things in that time. It seems that sometimes (6) the TV programmes can have (7) a positive effect on people and their lives.

6

day that 5 isn’t self-confident enough to 6  sing well enough

9a

Suggested answers

1  they could go all day without seeing each other!

2  she built herself a golden palace.

3  he ended up without any friends.

4  get up in the morning and spent every day in bed.

5  climb that mountain.

6  I’ll pass all my exams first time.

7  he can do university level maths.

9b

Students’ own answers

Student’s Book answer key

B2

Developing speaking p52

1

A  Martin Luther King – US civil rights campaigner

B  Marie Curie – scientist famous for work on radioactivity

C  Cristiano Ronaldo – international football player

D  Emma Watson – actress (in Harry Potter movies); UN Ambassador

2

Students’ own answers

3

Students’ own answers

4

The student disagrees with the statement and believes there are celebrities who can be called heroes.

5

I’d like to begin by saying, First of all, Furthermore, What’s more, It’s also true that, To sum up, In short

6

Students’ own answers

7

Students’ own answers

8a

Students’ own answers

8b

Students’ own answers

Developing writing p53

1

Students’ own answers

2

He writes great songs and performs concerts on his own. He’s modest, funny and friendly. He plays and sings in lots of different styles. He can write lyrics. He makes brilliant videos. He’s a talented dancer.

3

D, A, C, B

4 

Suggested answers

doesn’t look very special, he tends to wear …, incredibly special, what I love most about him …, most important talents, great talents, he shows that, great singer, most exciting thing

5

Students’ own answers

6a

Students’ own answers

6b

Students’ own answers

Language checkpoint: Unit 4

Grammar revision p55

1

2

1  I met a friend yesterday in the city centre. 2  The most important thing in life are good friends.

3  Experts say the government is having problems.

4  When I’m bored I pick up a book and read.

5  I like listening to actors and the things they say about life in Hollywood.

6  The programmes I watch are all on late at night.

3

Vocabulary revision p55

1

Reading p56

1

Students’ own answers

2

Suggested answer

To become a genius you have to work hard

and have opportunities.

3

1  G 2 D 3 F 4 C 5 A 6 E

7  H 8 B

4

Students’ own answers

Use of English p57

5

Students’ own answers

6

a  importance    b  scientific    c  unusually    d  scientist    e  underestimate    f  ability    g  physicist    h  mathematician   

i  connection    j  unsuccessfully

Speaking p57

7

Students’ own answers

8

Students’ own answers

9

Students’ own answers

Writing p57

10

Students’ own answers

11

Students’ own answers

Unit 5

Vocabulary p58

1

Example answers

baker’s, bank, bookshop, butcher’s, charity shop, clothes shop, DIY/hardware shop, department store, electrical goods store, greengrocer’s, jeweller’s, music shop, newsagent’s, post office, shoe shop, sports shop, stationery shop, supermarket, travel agent’s

2

a  afford /əˈfɔː(r)d/    b  sale /seɪl/   

c  discount /ˈdɪsˌkaʊnt/    d  bargain /ˈbɑː(r)ɡɪn/ e  value for money /ˈvæljuː fə(r) ˈmʌni/

f  cash /kæʃ/    g  change /tʃeɪndʒ/    h  receipt /rɪˈsiːt/    i  waste /weɪst/ j  refund /ˈriːfʌnd/

3

Example answers

1  Yes, I have a few coins and a couple of notes. It’s useful for simple, everyday transactions.

2  They usually pay by credit card.

3  We often go to the sales to buy coats and shoes.

4  I always keep the receipt in case I need to exchange my purchase or get a refund. 5  My dad asked for a refund on a fridge that didn’t work.

6  Students get special discounts on public transport and at many leisure centres.

7  I wasted my money on some fake designer trainers. They were really bad quality.

8  I bought some boots in a second-hand shop last year and they were a real bargain and great value for money.

4

All the words have a silent letter.

6b

answer /ˈɑːnsə(r)/ business /ˈbɪznəs/

climb /klaɪm/ debt /det/ doubt /daʊt/ eight

/eɪt/ half /hɑːf/ honest /ˈɒnɪst/ knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ listen /ˈlɪs(ə)n/

litre /ˈliːtə(r)/ psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ talk /tɔːk/ through /θruː/ written /ˈrɪt(ə)n/

Reading p59

1

Students’ own answers

2

1  The objects were all used as money over the years.

2  Not now, because their value changes.

Student’s Book answer key

B2

3

1  We exchange items for services.

2  You have to find the right person to barter with.

3  You don’t have to find ‘the right person’. 4  Their uses gave them a basic value.

5  They last for such a short time.

6  They maintained their value over time, can be easily translated into prices and were widely accepted.

7  They were heavy to carry around. 8  The first paper money was a type of receipt or note.

9  The cash we carry around with us.

10  It leads to higher prices and money loses its value.

4

Example answer

I think society will become more collaborative and we will share our things. The more you share, the more points you will get.

5

barter = exchange goods or services for other goods or services instead of using money

medium = a way of communicating information and ideas, especially to a lot of people

standardising = keeping something the same widely = by a lot of people, in a lot of places

worthless = having no value, or not useful

6

Example answers

I think many people are thinking about giving up money. Money is the cause of unemployment, wars, crime, terrorism, pollution, etc. A lot of people are beginning to share resources and build a better world for everyone.

I think people in general are motivated by money and profits. We have been doing this for so long that it seems like a very important part of our lives.

Grammar in context pp60–61

1a

1  have to/must/need to

2  don’t have to/doesn’t need to/needn’t 3  mustn’t/aren’t allowed to/can’t

4  ought to/should/’d better

1b

1  to + infinitive: ought, have/don’t have to, allowed, need/don’t need

the infinitive without to: should, must/ mustn’t,’d better, needn’t, can’t

2  Do we all have to use money?

3  It shouldn’t be something that maintains its value. You’d better not keep your money in your pocket.

4  You need to carry it all with you.

5  had

2

1  You mustn’t 2 Do you have to

3  You needn’t open 4 She’d/had better 5  We ought to 6 don’t need to have

3

1  had 2 has 3 ought 4 aren’t 5  needn’t 6 mustn’t

4

Suggested answers

You can’t use your mobile phone at school. You don’t have to wear a school uniform. You had better not talk in Mrs Williams’ class – she’s very strict.

You must start learning our language because most of our lessons aren’t in English. You mustn’t chew gum in the class.

You needn’t buy textbooks – the school will lend them to you.

You ought to buy a big rucksack to carry your books.

5a

1  had to/ needed to 2  needn’t have

3  didn’t have to, didn’t need to 4  weren’t allowed to/couldn’t

5  should/ought to have/shouldn’t have

5b

have + past participle

6

1  You should have asked them for advice. 2  She had to arrive on time every morning. 3  Did you have to go to the meeting?

4  We weren’t allowed to wear jeans and T-shirts.

5  I needn’t have got up early (but I did). 6  She didn’t need to wear a uniform (so she didn’t).

7  We ought to have worked as a team.

7

1  I had to do the exercises last night. 2  We needn’t have taken food to the party, but we did.

3  She ought to have revised for the exam. 4  They weren’t allowed to go into the office. 5  The plane needed to land.

6  I didn’t have to show my receipt to the shop assistant.

7  I shouldn’t have got angry with you yesterday.

8a

Example answers

I didn’t have to wear a tie, but I had to wear short trousers.

I couldn’t run in the corridors. I had to arrive on time.

I needed to go to the school doctor a couple of times.

I needn’t have worried about secondary school, but I did.

I ought to have studied more.

I shouldn’t have talked so much in class.

I wasn’t allowed to leave before 3 o’clock.

8b

Students’ own answers

Developing vocabulary p61

1

1  b 2 c 3 a 4 g 5 f 6 d

7  h 8 e

2

1  Can you pick up some milk on the way home?

2  That coat is expensive, but I’m going to splash out on it.

3  We need to cut back on luxury items. 4  We haven’t got much money, but we get by.

5  I can’t go to the concert because I need to set money aside for the summer holidays.

6  You should buy the game now because they’re selling out fast.

7  I’ll pay back the money you lent me tomorrow.

8  The book was £10 and the magazine was £2.50 so the total came to £12.50.

3

1  aside 2 back 3 out 4 out 5 by

6  up

4

Students’ own answers

Gateway to life skills pp62–63

1

1  b 2 a 3 d 4 c

2

Students’ own answers

3

1  £750 a month for accommodation

2  Credit card debt £3,657

3  38% splash out more often than they should

4  Average overdraft £1,509

4

1  T 2 F 3 T 4 T 5 T 6 F

7  T 8 F

5

1  Both – students are often influenced to spend more than they have; banks throw credit at students

2  payday loans, store cards, not enough financial education at school or at home 3  Students’ own answers

4  withdraw cash and only spend that; resist temptation to use debit card; avoid accounts with overdraft facilities; check bank account regularly; discuss money with friends; use discount card

6

1  developing budgeting skills as a teenager will help you in the future

2  before you buy anything, ask if it is an essential purchase; only take out the cash you need from the cashpoint

3  look at your income; look at how much you’re spending; look how much money you have left

4  to trace where your money is going in order to better plan your money

5  contactless payment means that sometimes we spend more money than we want to

7

Students’ own answers

Student’s Book answer key

B2

Listening p64

1

Suggested answer

Someone is touching a screen. There is a logo or financial symbol above the words ‘touch to begin’.

2

Students’ own answers

3

Students’ own answers

4

Example answers

I wouldn’t like to buy or use Bitcoins because I think it is a sort of pyramid operation run by cybercriminals.

I would like to buy or use Bitcoins because it is going to be very popular. Just like gold, the more people want it, the higher the price goes.

Grammar in context pp64–65

1

1  We use might, may and could when there is a 50% possibility that something is or will be true. The negative forms are may not and might not. We cannot use the

negative form of could when there is a 50% possibility that something isn’t true.

2  We use must when we are 90% certain that something is true.

3  We use can’t when we are 90% certain that something isn’t true.

4  When we are speculating and making deductions, the opposite of must is can’t.

2

A  a dollar bill/bank note B  a calculator C  a wallet D  a credit or debit card

E  a receipt

3

1  can’t 2 must 3 might not/may not 4  may/might 5 must 6 can’t 7 must 8  may/might, may not/might not

4

1  We use may have, might have and could have when there is a 50% possibility that something was true, but we cannot use could have + past participle in the negative form with this meaning.

2  We use must have when we are 90% certain that something was true.

3  We use can’t have when we are 90% certain that something wasn’t true.

5

1  It’s only lunchtime and you look terrible. You must have had a bad morning.

2  Somebody’s unlocked the door. It can’t have been Mike because he hasn’t got a key.

3  I think Josh might have sent me an email last night.

4  Emma hasn’t replied to my email. She might not have received it.

5  William isn’t here. He must have gone already.

6  Let’s not buy her that DVD. I’m not sure, but I think she might have bought it already. 7  You can’t have read that book already!

It’s 600 pages long and you only started yesterday!

8  It can’t have rained last night because all the streets are dry.

6

a  must have been    b  can’t have left    c  must have had    d  may/might not have been    e  may/might have worked   

f  must have moved    g  may/might have had

7a

Suggested answers

1  He must have won the lottery. He might have been successful in his business.

2  She might have been tired. She can’t have studied enough.

3  He must have done something wrong. He might have missed school.

4  He can’t have been concentrating on driving. He must have been tired.

5  She must have been playing a better player. She might have been ill that day.

6  They must have lost the game. The team might have played really badly.

7  She must have gone on a fitness programme. She might have started a new sport.

8  She might have gone to an Englishspeaking country. She must have practised a lot.

7b

Students’ own answers

Developing speaking p66

1

In both photos, …

In the first photo …, but in the second photo …

One similarity/big difference is … Another important difference is …

Compared with …

2

Students’ own answers

3

1  Students’ own answers

2  No, just briefly and then she moves on to compare them.

3  Which kind of shopping is more successful? or What kind of shopping do you enjoy more?

4

Speculating (when you are not exactly sure what is happening in the photo) Comparing (to compare and contrast two photographs)

Using fillers (when you are trying to find a word or need time to think)

Describing (to give a general and then more specific description of the photo(s) at the beginning of the speaking exam) Giving opinions (to respond to a task which asks you to state your opinion or preference)

5

Students’ own answers

6a

Students’ own answers

6b

Students’ own answers

Developing writing p67

1

1  d 2 e 3 a 4 b 5 f 6 c

2

Students’ own answers

3

1  He is writing to complain to the bank about bad customer service after the cash machine took his card.

2  He wants a new card urgently, without paying bank fees for the issue of this card. 3  If there is no solution, he will consider moving his current account to another bank.

4

2  caused me a great deal of inconvenience 3  selected 4 wished 5 sufficient

6  informed 7 I shall be forced to

5

■Dear Sir or Madam; Yours faithfully, Jonathan Squire

■I am writing; I am disappointed; I have received; The incident has left; I would also like

■has caused me a great deal of inconvenience; through no fault of my own; I shall be forced to

■insert (put in); withdraw (take out); contact (call up)

■The incident has left me without my debit card and has caused me a great deal of inconvenience.

■Anderson Street; Sunday 21st December

■I am writing to complain about; I look forward to hearing from you very soon.

6a

Students’ own answers

6b

Students’ own answers

Language checkpoint: Unit 5

Grammar revision p69

Grammar

1

1  needn’t

2  both correct

3  don’t have to

4  both correct

5  Should

6  mustn’t

2

1  had to talk

2  needn’t have worried

3  mustn’t write

4  ought to have read

5  shouldn’t have lied

6  didn’t need to get

7  don’t have to write

Student’s Book answer key

B2

3

1  b 2 c 3 a 4 g 5 e 6 d 7 f

Vocabulary revision p69

1

1  g 2 f 3 e 4 a 5 b 6 d 7 c

3

1  Last week we spent a lot of money on lunch in a restaurant.

2  They only spend £500 a month.

3  People are spending less money on holidays abroad this year.

4  The bill reaches a total of £24.

5  I couldn’t get that new game because there weren’t any left.

6  I need to buy something for dinner tonight.

Unit 6

Vocabulary p70

1

ankle /ˈæŋk(ə)l/ – the part at the bottom of your leg where your foot joins your leg bone /bəʊn/ – one of the hard parts that form a frame inside the body of a human or animal

brain /breɪn/ – the organ inside your head that allows you to think and feel, and controls your body

chest /tʃest/ – the upper front part of your body between your neck and your stomach chin /tʃɪn/ – the centre of the bottom part of your face, below your mouth and above your neck

forehead /ˈfɒrɪd/ – the upper part of your face between your eyes and your hair heart /hɑː(r)t/ – the organ in your chest that makes blood flow around your body

heel /hiːl/ – the back part of your foot, below your ankle

hip /hɪp/ – one of the two parts at either side of your body between your waist and the top of your legs

kidney /ˈkɪdni/ – one of the two organs in your body that clean your blood and remove waste

liver /ˈlɪvə(r)/ – the organ in your body that cleans your blood and produces bile (= a liquid that helps your body process fat) lungs /lʌŋz/ – one of the two organs in your chest that fill with air when you breathe skin /skɪn/ – the outer layer of a person’s or animal’s body

thigh /θaɪ/ – the top part of your leg, above your knee

throat /θrəʊt/ – the area at the back of your mouth and inside your neck

toe /təʊ/ – one of the five individual parts at the end of your foot. Your big toe is the largest and your little toe is the smallest tongue /tʌŋ/ – the long soft piece of flesh fixed to the bottom of your mouth that you use for tasting, speaking, etc.

veins and arteries /ˈveɪnz n ˈɑː(r)təriz / – A tube that returns blood to your heart is called a vein. A tube that carries blood away from your heart is called an artery.

wrist /rɪst/ – the part of your body between your hand and your arm

2

Suggested answers

1  Someone with a bandaged hand and wrist in a sling

2  A healthy meal/salad

3  An unhealthy meal/junk food

4  A woman with a headache/temperature

3

1  D 2 A 3 B 4 C

4a

a  balanced    b  allergic    c  putting on

d  addicted    e  infection    f  prescription    g  dislocated    h  painful

4b

work out – to do physical exercise as a way of keeping fit

check-up – a medical examination, especially one taken at regular intervals to verify a normal state of health or discover a disease in its early stages

blood pressure – the pressure at which blood flows from your heart around your body. Blood pressure that is either very high or very low can be dangerous to your health. injection – a drug or another substance that is injected into your body

relieves – makes pain or another bad physical feeling less unpleasant symptoms – the unpleasant effects of an illness

fatty food – food that contains fat processed food – food that has had chemicals or other substances added to it to keep it fresh for a long time

high in – have a large amount of in danger of – at risk of

obese – too fat, in a way that is dangerous for your health

increasing the risk of heart disease – multiplying the possibilities of developing a serious medical condition in your heart

a temperature – the feeling of being hot because you are ill

dizzy – feeling as if you or the things around you are spinning, especially when you think you are going to fall

shivering – shaking slightly, for example, because you are cold or frightened treated – cured

got over – recovered from

injured myself – did damage to myself/hurt myself

twisted – injured a part of your body by bending it in the wrong direction

sprained – injured a joint such as your wrist by suddenly stretching or turning it too much fracture – to crack a bone (but not completely break it)

break – to crack or separate a bone into two pieces

operation – surgical intervention

5a

addicted /əˈdɪktɪd/ allergic /əˈlɜː(r)dʒɪk/ balanced /ˈbælənst/ dislocated /ˈdɪsləkeɪtɪd/ infection /ɪnˈfekʃ(ə)n/ painful /ˈpeɪnf(ə)l/ prescription /prɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n/

putting on /ˈpʊtɪŋ ɒn/

5b

Students’ own answers

6

Example answers

1  I go to a local gym three times a week. It makes me feel good and I enjoy seeing the changes in my body.

2  I am allergic to peaches. I have to have an injection at the hospital if I eat one accidentally.

3  I injured myself when I was playing hockey. I broke my arm.

4  I’m not afraid of injections, but I don’t like them very much!

5  I don’t feel dizzy when I see blood, but I know a lot of people who do.

Reading p71

1

Students’ own answers

2

A says that ‘drinking eight glasses of water is good’ is a myth. Our bodies adjust, and drinks don’t have to be water.

B says action films make you eat more (junk food).

C says feeling pain is better than not feeling pain.

D says brain freeze is painful but disappears fast.

3

1  F 2 F 3 T 4 T 5 T 6 T

4

Example answers

I don’t believe everything I read because a lot of what people say is marketing not science.

I always check the website to find out what kind of domain it is (.edu, .gov, .org, .net,

.com), as well as finding out who the author is and when the article was published.

I check who the organisation is, who is paying for the article and what they want to sell. I try to crosscheck information using at least three independent resources if I have a doubt. I ask myself about authority, objectivity and reliability.

5

adjusts = to change something slightly in order to make it better

sponsored = paid for as a way to advertise products or services

marketing = the ways in which a company encourages people to buy its products lack = a situation in which you do not have any, or enough, of something that you need or want