Материал: Gateway Учебник английский ключи A2

Student’s Book answer key

B2

Language checkpoint: Unit 1

Grammar revision p17

1

Vocabulary revision p17

1

Unit 2

Vocabulary p18

1 

Suggested answers

A – architect, B – builder, C – chef, D – doctor, E – engineer, F – farmer, G – grocer,

H – historian, I – investigator, J – judge, K – karate instructor, L – lawyer,

M – mechanic, N – novelist,

O – ophthalmologist, P – photographer, Q – quantum physicist, R – receptionist,

S – shop assistant, T – teacher, U – umpire, V – violinist, W – waiter, X – X-ray technician, Y – yachtsman, Z – zoo-keeper

2

a  taxi driver    b  police officer

3

qualifications /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)nz/ – something such as a degree or a diploma that you get when you successfully finish a course of study deal with /diːl wɪð/ – to take action to do something, especially to solve a problem be responsible for /biː rɪˈspɒnsəb(ə)l fə(r)/ – someone who is responsible for someone or something is in charge of them and must make sure that what they do or what happens to them is right or satisfactory stressful /ˈstresf(ə)l/ – involving or causing a lot of pressure or worry

outdoors /ˌaʊtˈdɔː(r)z/ – not in a building good conditions /ɡʊd kənˈdɪʃ(ə)nz/ – favourable work situation or environment self-employed /ˌself ɪmˈplɔɪd/ – working for yourself instead of for an employer and paid directly by the people who you provide a product or service to

employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/ – someone who is paid regularly to work for a person or an organisation

earn /ɜː(r)n/ – to receive money for work that you do

salary /ˈsæləri/ – a fixed amount of money that you earn each month or year dangerous conditions /ˈdeɪndʒərəs kənˈdɪʃ(ə) nz/ – situation or environment that is likely to harm or kill someone, or to damage or destroy something

indoors /ɪnˈdɔː(r)z/ – in a building

do paperwork /duː ˈpeɪpə(r)ˌwɜː(r)k/ – do the part of a job that involves producing

reports, keeping records and writing letters manual work /ˈmænjʊəl wɜː(r)k/ – a job which involves physical work using your hands well paid /ˌwel ˈpeɪd/ – a well-paid person receives a good amount of money for work skilled /skɪld/ – having the ability and experience to do something well

training /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ – the process of training people or of being trained for a profession or activity

experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ – knowledge and skill that is gained through time spent doing a job or activity

4

1  school caretaker 2 software engineer 3  personal assistant (PA) 4 physiotherapist

5

Students’ own answers

6

1  e 2 b 3 g 4 a 5 f

7

Suggested answers

1  in a normal office job

2  people with a lot of responsibility and who are well paid often work long hours, e.g. managers, directors

3  in a stressful job when there is a lot of work to do; when you can earn extra money; when there is a chance of promotion

8a

Students’ own answers

8b

1  a 2 e 3 d 4 c 5 b

10

Students’ own answers

Reading p19

1

Students’ own answers

2

Students’ own answers

3 

1  T 2 F 3 NM 4 T 5 T 6 T

7  F 8 NM

4

Students’ own answers

5

resort = a place where many people go for a holiday

trials = the process of testing a product, plan or person over a period of time all-inclusive = including everyone or everything, especially all the costs, charges and services that make up the total price of something

drawback = a feature of something that makes it worse than it could be defying = to happen in a way that is different from what usually happens or what you expect

put up with = to accept someone or something unpleasant in a patient way still = without movement

at a time = continuously for this period of time

spot = the particular place where someone or something is

6

Students’ own answers

Grammar in context pp20–21

1a

past continuous

2a

cried, developed, happened, hated, mentioned, occurred, planned, preferred, stepped, stopped, studied, travelled, tried, visited

2b

/d/: cried, happened, mentioned, occurred, planned, preferred, studied, travelled, tried /t/: developed, stepped, stopped

/ɪd/: hated, visited

3

6  was walking 7 was crying

4a

1  What did you do when you got home after school yesterday?

2  Were you watching TV at 9 o’clock last night?

3  What were your parents doing yesterday at 10 am?

4  Where did you go last summer?

5  Were you listening to music while you were doing your homework yesterday? 6  What did you do last Saturday?

7  What were you doing at 6 o’clock this morning?

4b

Students’ own answers

5a

1  a, b, c 2 d

5b

1  used to, would 2 the past simple 3  would

Student’s Book answer key

B2

6

1  used to 2 lived 3 didn’t use to 4  both 5 met 6 both 7 used to

7

a  lived    b  didn’t have    c  used to work    d  would do    e  would write    f  used to love  g  jumped    h  died    i  saved

Developing vocabulary p21

1

1  d 2 g 3 h 4 b 5 c 6 a 7 f

8  e

2

1  Keep at 2 get ahead 3 fill in

Gateway to life skills pp22–23

1

Students’ own answers

2

Students’ own answers

3

Suggested answers

2  salary, well paid

3  enjoy, salary isn’t … important

4  in-service training, chance to keep on learning, interesting, new opportunities 5  working with others, team, deal with people

6  long holidays, flexibility to work from home, fewer hours

7  outdoor, connected with the environment or nature

8  travel, different countries, see the world

9  prospects, getting ahead, more responsibility, getting a promotion, challenging

4a

Students’ own answers

4b

The example shows most important = inservice training, least important = outdoors

4c

Students’ own answers

5

Deana: Yes

James: No

Tope: Yes

6

1  D 2 T 3 D 4 J 5 D, J 6 D, T

7  J 8 J

Listening p24

1

Example answers

I think a gap year sounds good because you can have a break from studying before you go to university.

I think a gap year is a bad thing because many people don’t do anything useful or interesting, and they get out of the habit of studying.

2

Speaker 1: C

Speaker 2: B

Speaker 3: F

Speaker 4: E

Speaker 5: A

3

Students’ own answers

Grammar in context pp24–25

1a

a  I finished school.

1b

before

1c

subject + had/hadn’t + past participle

2

1  had written 2 had started 3 stepped 4  hadn’t spoken 5 blew 6 had seen 7  had eaten

3

Suggested answers

1  someone had locked it.

2  she had answered the questions well. 3  I hadn’t done my homework.

4  she had missed the bus.

5  he had dropped his ice cream. 6  someone had seen a shark. 7  he had eaten too much pizza.

8  they hadn’t taken an umbrella with them.

4a

1  past perfect continuous 2 past perfect simple 3 past perfect continuous 4  past perfect simple

4b

Sentences 1 and 3 with the past perfect continuous give more importance to duration. Sentences 2 and 4 with the past perfect simple give more importance to the completion of the action.

4c

had + been + verb + -ing

5

1  been waiting 2 had 3 eaten 4  written 5 lost 6 been crying 7  been talking

6

2  He hadn’t studied hard enough.

3  She’d been working all morning in the garden.

4  She’d been studying for hours.

5  He’d read it twice before.

6  He hadn’t paid attention to his teacher all year.

7a

She kept working even though she was a millionaire; to set a good example to her children.

7b

a  been    b  had    c  for    d  up    e  didn’t   f  made    g  were    h  doing    i  earned   

j  have

7c

Students’ own answers

Developing speaking p26

1

Students’ own answers

2

1  how dangerous the different jobs are 2  decide which of these jobs you think is the most dangerous

3  firefighter

4  Students’ own answers

3

1  yes 2 yes 3 no 4 yes 5 no

4

Suggested answers

1  Asking your partner’s opinion 2  Agreeing

3  Disagreeing

5

Students’ own answers

6

Students’ own answers

Developing writing p27

1

Students’ own answers

2

Students’ own answers

3

Yes, it follows the paragraph plan in exercise 2.

4

a  As far as I’m concerned    b  To begin with c  Furthermore    d  On the other hand   

e  I agree with this    f  To sum up

5

Expressing opinions

As far as I’m concerned, I agree with this

Adding opinions

To begin with, Furthermore

Contrasting opinions

On the other hand

Concluding

To sum up

6a

Students’ own answers

6b

Students’ own answers

Language checkpoint: Unit 2

Grammar revision p29

1

a  got    b  looked    c  was shining   

d  was looking    e  saw    f  were playing

2

1  had been waiting 2 had been painting 3  had written 4 correct 5 had eaten 6  correct 7 had finished

Student’s Book answer key

B2

Vocabulary revision p29

1

1  set up = start a new business, office, etc. 2  get ahead = progress faster than other people

3  turn down = not accept an offer, request or application

4  work on = spend time working or improving something

5  fill in = add information on a document

6  take over = take control of something

3

a  look    b  applied    c  redundant   

d  unemployed    e  fired/sacked/dismissed   f  offered

Gateway to exams: Units 1–2

Reading p30

1

Example answers

On an Erasmus exchange, students spend at least three months studying in a university in one of the 30 countries involved in the programme.

Some of the advantages of this exchange could include: it looks good on your CV, you learn life skills, you make an international network of friends and have fun, you discover a different culture, and you learn another language.

2

1  Students’ own answers

2  Nelly Samuels – modern history, John Vaughan – business, Teresa Lopez – media studies, Keith Johnson – politics

3

1  B 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 D 6 A

7  D 8 C

4

Students’ own answers

Writing p31

5

Students should answer these questions in their reply:

How are you?

What do you think (about the welcome home party)?

Could you come and give me a hand getting things ready on Thursday afternoon?

Apart from food, is there anything that you can think of that would make the party really special?

6

Suggested answer

Paragraph 1: greeting, say how I am, mention pizza place

Paragraph 2: the party is a good idea; yes, I can help

Paragraph 3: ideas for party

Paragraph 4: suggest a time to meet on Thursday; say goodbye

7

Students’ own answers

8

Example answers

‘Helicopter’ parents and ‘lawnmower’ parents are good because they support their children.

I think ‘helicopter’ and especially ‘lawnmower’ parents are a bad thing because children don’t learn to become independent and take care of themselves.

Listening p31

9

Speaker 1: C

Speaker 2: F

Speaker 3: B

Speaker 4: A

Speaker 5: D

10

Students’ own answers

Speaking p31

11

Students’ own answers

12

Students’ own answers

Unit 3

Vocabulary p32

1

Students’ own answers

2

1  stand away from the edge of the platform 2  shouldn’t 3 shouldn’t 4 a, West

Students’ own answers

Reading p33

1

Students’ own answers

2

1  Hyperloop

2  electric car, sports car, high-speed train, planes, supersonic air travel, self-driving car, flying cars, drones, elevator

3

1  c 2 b 3 f 4 a 5 e 6 d

4

Example answers

I think the Hyperloop is very useful as it is much faster than ordinary transport and more ecological.

I think the self-driving car is useful because while you are on the move you can do anything you want.

I think drones are very useful because they can do dangerous work more cheaply and safely than humans can.

I think the lunar space elevator is a fascinating idea, but it’s not very useful.

5

boldest = riskiest

capsule = the part of a space vehicle in which people travel

currently = at the present time sharp increase = sudden rise

self-driving = an autonomous or driverless vehicle

norm = something that is normal or expected

drawing up = to prepare or write something

6

Students’ own answers

Grammar in context pp34–35

1a

a  be going to    b  present continuous    c  be going to    d  will    e  present simple

1b

10  ’s going to rain

4b

Students’ own answers

5

a  have    b  are going to become    c  are    d  will be    e  off    f  will be    g  won’t   

h  are talking

Developing vocabulary p35

1a

Student’s Book answer key

B2

3a

Students’ own answers

3b

disadvantage, disagree, unbelievable, incapable, incomplete, unexpected, unlikely, illogical, unnecessary, disobey, impatient, impossible, irregular, irresponsible, unsuccessful, invisible

3c

Students’ own answers

4a

Students’ own answers

4b

Students’ own answers

Gateway to life skills pp36–37

1a

From Turkey to Thailand to the US – approximately 22,000km/14,000 miles

1b

The distance food travels from where it is produced to our table.

2

Students’ own answers

3

Text A

1  They weren’t in season then.

2  They produce 25% of CO2 emissions.

3  They are responsible for 11% of carbon emissions.

4  They are an example of unnecessary food travel.

5  We need to produce more food locally and buy locally produced food

Text B

1  We need to keep them cool for a year or buy them from another country.

2  Buying them from another country as the energy used in keeping them fresh for ten months is worse for the environment.

3  Because they have conditions to grow tomatoes all year and if they are produced in the UK, you need energy to heat the greenhouses.

4  The workers and economy of these countries depend on selling fruit, etc. to other markets.

5  Food miles are not good, but sometimes they are better than the alternatives

4

Students’ own answers

5

Students’ own answers

6a

Students’ own answers

6b

1  running 2 to fork 3 cold storage 4  seasonally 5 sustainable 6 market

6c

Students’ own answers

Listening p38

1

Students’ own answers

2

Students’ own answers

3

Positive points: patrolling parks/ protecting wild animals; examining sites of natural disasters; taking medicine, water or food to victims; making movies; filming sports events

Negative points: privacy – spying on ordinary people; create laws on why/how/ when/who can use them

5

Example answers

I think drones will change the world in a good way. They can save lives and do dangerous jobs. Moreover, drones will generate a lot of money and jobs.

I think drones will change the world in a bad way. It’s possible for terrorists to take control of drones and use them against us.

Grammar in context p38–39

1a

1  future continuous 2 future continuous 3  future perfect simple 4 future perfect simple 5 future perfect continuous Future continuous: will/won’t + be + verb-ing Future perfect simple: will/won’t + have + past participle

Future perfect continuous: will/won’t + have + been + verb + -ing

1b

1  future perfect simple 2 future continuous 3  future perfect continuous 4 future perfect simple, future perfect continuous

2

1a  At 7 o’clock, the activity is in progress. 1b  At 7 o’clock, the activity has finished. 2a  In half an hour the activity will start.

2b  In half an hour, the activity will be finished.

3a  This action will happen sometime before 2050.

3b  This action will happen in 2050. 4a  I have a plan to have lunch at 1 pm tomorrow.

4b  At 1 pm tomorrow, lunch will be in progress.

3a

3b

Students’ own answers

3c

Students’ own answers

4

a  will, be doing    b  will, be working    c  will have finished    d  will have left    e  won’t be living    f  will have learnt    g  will have bought    h  will be saving

5a

Students’ own answers

5b

Students’ own answers

5c

Students’ own answers

Developing speaking p40

1

Students’ own answers

2

1  Students’ own answers 2 yes 3 yes

3

a  Both photos show    b  In the first photo   c  whereas    d  One big difference between the photos is that    e  while    f  Compared with    g  Another important difference   

h  One similarity

4

Students’ own answers

5a

Students’ own answers

5b

Students’ own answers

5c

Students’ own answers

Developing writing p41

1

Students’ own answers

2

Students’ own answers

3

Students’ own answers

4

1  f 2 d 3 a 4 g 5 c 6 e 7 b

5

Variety of past tenses: past continuous: … We were soon preparing for landing; past simple … I learnt that …, past perfect simple: … I had flown …, past perfect continuous: … I had been waiting …, past with ‘would’: … we would observe …, future with ‘will’: I’ll never forget

Participle clauses: Having collected my luggage, I immediately saw …

Linkers of time and sequence: Four months ago, Luckily

Adjectives and adverbs: excited and nervous, brilliant, immediately, amazing

6a

Students’ own answers

6b

Students’ own answers

Language checkpoint: Unit 3

Grammar revision p43

1

1  comes 2 ’ll help 3 ’m going to do 4  are getting 5 will take 6 leaves

2

a  4    b​   5    c​   6    d​   3    e​   2    f​  1

Student’s Book answer key

B2

3

1  I can’t go out at 7 o’clock because I’ll be doing my homework then.

2 

3 

4  I can write a summary of the book tomorrow because I’ll have read it by then. 5  At 5 o’clock next Saturday I’ll be playing basketball.

6  I can’t give you my assignment tomorrow because I won’t have finished it.

7 

8 

Vocabulary revision p43

1

5  unnecessary 6 disobey 7 postgraduate

Unit 4

Vocabulary p44

1

friendly – unfriendly, kind/outgoing hard-working – lazy, diligent patient – impatient, considerate polite – impolite/rude, courteous quiet – noisy, reserved

reliable – unreliable, dependable serious – fun-loving, solemn

tidy – untidy/messy, neat

2

Students’ own answers

3

big-headed – modest, down-to-earth good-natured/easygoing – bad-tempered immature – mature

narrow-minded – broad-minded outgoing – shy, reserved self-confident – insecure tactless – tactful, sensitive

gifted = with an impressive natural ability talented = someone who is talented is very good at something

4

Students’ own answers

5

Students’ own answers

6

1  ambitious +/pushy –

2  self-confident +/arrogant –

3  bossy –/assertive +

4  frank +/brusque –

5  stubborn –/determined +

7

1  bossy/self-confident 2 tactless/ big-headed 3 stubborn/slow

8a

Example answers

1  A professional musician needs to be gifted and play at least one instrument extremely well. To be a professional musician, you have to be very ambitious as it is very difficult to succeed as a musician. 2  The director of an international bank needs to be clever, because you need to understand complex numerical operations. You need to be self-confident, serious, reliable and assertive because you are the leader.

3  To be the President, you need to be very self-confident and determined because you receive a lot of criticism. You need to be hard-working and serious because there are many difficult situations that you have to face.

4  A Formula 1 driver has to be hardworking and talented. You also need to be self-confident as drivers deal with the media a lot. They work in teams so it helps to be outgoing and friendly.

5  A TV presenter needs to be outgoing and friendly. It usually involves many hours in the studio so you need to be hardworking, patient and ambitious to succeed in this job. Because you are in the public eye, you need to be self-confident

8b

Students’ own answers

Reading p45

1

Suggested answer

In one photo, I can see Dynamo walking on water. In the other photo, he is holding a pack of cards.

2

No he didn’t have an easy childhood. He had a serious stomach illness and was bullied for being weak and shy.

3

1  b 2 a 3 c 4 c 5 c

4

Example answer

I think Dynamo is successful because he works hard. He spent thousands of hours practising tricks when he was younger.

5

pack of cards = a box containing cards for playing games

talked his way = to persuade someone to let you do something

surface = the top layer or outside part of something

begging = asking for something in a way that shows you want it very much distraction = something that gets

your attention and prevents you from concentrating on anything else

6

Students’ own answers

Grammar in context pp46–47

1a

comparative: 1, 3, 4, 7

superlative: 2, 5, 6

1b

adjectives: 2, 4, 7

adverbs: 1, 3, 5, 6

2

Rules

For one-syllable adjectives, add -er to make the comparative and -est to make the superlative. (If an adjective ends in -e, this is removed before adding -er/-est, e.g. wide, wider, widest.)

If a one-syllable adjective ends in a single vowel letter followed by a single consonant letter, the consonant letter is doubled before adding -er/-est, e.g. big, bigger, biggest. If an adjective ends in a consonant followed by -y, -y is replaced by -i when adding -er/- est, e.g. friendly, friendlier, friendliest.

For many two-syllable and all three-syllable adjectives, form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. (For some two syllable adjectives, both -er and more forms are possible.)

3a

1  b 2 c 3 a

3b

a  better, worse, less

b  more carefully, more quietly, more easily, more beautifully, more often

c  faster, harder, earlier, later, longer, sooner, nearer

4

1  In my opinion, Caleb is the friendliest person in this class.

2  I think Emma is slightly taller than Claire. 3  That is definitely the silliest thing I’ve heard today!

4  You can write much quicker on a computer than by hand.

5  Sorry I couldn’t come sooner.

6  Is it much further to your house?