Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ± ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɦɢɥɥɢɦɟɬɪɨɜ ± ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɢɣ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮ Ⱥɧɪɢ Ʉɚɪɬɶɟ Ȼɪɟɫɫɨɧ
ɉɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ©ɪɭɱɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦª ɧɟɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɺɦɨɜ ©ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢª ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɞɚɺɬɫɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ± ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɜ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ
ɇɟɪɟɞɤɨɢɦɟɧɧɨɬɚɤɢɯɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜɢɧɟɯɜɚɬɚɟɬɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɲɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɺ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ɉ ɂ ɑɟɩɭɧɨɜɚ ɢ Ⱥ ȼ Ɇɢɧɚɟɜɚ ©³ɪɭɱɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ´ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɜɫɟɨɛɳɢɦ ɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ Ⱥ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɭɸ ³ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ´ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɣ ³ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ´ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɣ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɤ ³ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ´ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɪɭɱɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ± ɷɬɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ ³ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ´ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɜ ɮɨɪɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɣª
ȼ ȼ ɒɥɵɱɤɨɜ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ©Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɜɟɫɬɢ ³ɪɭɱɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ´ ɢɡ ɬɟɧɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɞɚɬɶ ɟɦɭ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɮɨɪɦɢɜ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ"ª
ɉɨ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɦɭ ɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɸ ȼ ɇ ɉɨɬɟɯɢɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ©ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹª ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɵ ©ɧɚ ³ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɦ´ ɢ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣª ɉɨ ɘ ȿ Ⱥɜɪɭɬɢɧɭ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɨɹɜɲɢɦɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚɦ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɦɟɲɚɟɬ ɧɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɧɚɫ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɛɵɫɬɪɟɟ ɱɟɦ
Ⱥɧɪɢ Ʉɚɪɬɶɟ Ȼɪɟɫɫɨɧ KWWSV UX ZLNLTXRWH RUJ ZLNL ȺɧɪɢBɄɚɪɬɶɟ Ȼɪɟɫɫɨɧ!
ɑɟɩɭɧɨɜ Ɉ.ɂ., Ɇɢɧɚɟɜ Ⱥ.ȼ. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ©ɪɭɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦª ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ©ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɤɢª ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ
ɒɥɵɱɤɨɜ ȼ.ȼ. ©Ɋɭɱɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟª ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɚ ɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ
ɉɨɬɟɯɢɧ ȼ.ɇ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɢ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɵ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɝɪɚɪɧɵɣ ɜɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɍɪɚɥɚ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɹ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɸɳɚɹ ɟɺ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦ
ɇɚɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɦɨɥɨɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ©ɪɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚª ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɤ Ƚɥɚɜɟ
ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ
ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɜ
ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ
ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɪɢɫɤ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ"
Ʉɚɤ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ"
ɑɬɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɦ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ" Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ
ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ȼɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ" ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ
ɛɨɥɟɥɶɳɢɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɢ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ
Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɧɚ ȼɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɟɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɛɨɥɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ"
Ɋɚɫɫɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɨ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɪɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ⱥɜɪɭɬɢɧ ɘ.ȿ.Ɉ ɩɚɪɚɞɨɤɫɚɯ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɋɛ ɫɬɚɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɦɚɬɟɪ ɟɠɟɝɨɞ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫ ɧɚɭɱ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱ ɤɨɧɮ ɋɨɪɨɤɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɬ ɉɨɞ ɪɟɞ ɘ ȿ ȺɜɪɭɬɢɧɚȺ ɂ Ʉɚɩɥɭɧɨɜɚ±ɋɉɛɂɡɞ ɜɨɋɉɛɭɧ ɬɚɆȼȾɊɨɫɫɢɢ ±Ɍ± ɫ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ȽɅȺȼȺ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
(ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., Ɋɟɞɶɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ.)
Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɦɟɪɚɯ ɞɨɥɠɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɂɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ± ɥɟɬ ɜ ɋɒȺ Ʉɚɧɚɞɟ ɘȺɊ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɢ Ʉɢɬɚɟ ɢ ɪɹɞɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɢɪɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ± ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɷɬɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɟɮɢɰɢɬɨɦ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɰɟɥɵɦ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ
ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɭɠɟ ɨɬɨɲɥɢ ɨɬ ɢɦɟɜɲɟɣ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɝɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫ ɯ ɝɨɞɨɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ©ɡɪɢɬɟɥɢ ± ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɢ ± ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɵ ± ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɢ ª ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɡɢɥɫɹ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɣ ɥɢɛɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɩɨɪɬɚɛɵɥɨɜɨɜɫɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɨ
Baade R.A., Matheson V.A.)LQDQFLQJ 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUWV )DFLOLWLHV >Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ@ KWWS FROOHJH KRO\FURVV HGX 5H3(F VSH 0DWKHVRQ% DDGHB)LQDQFLQJ6SRUWV SGI! ± ± S ± 3 ±
Andreff W. 7KH (YROYLQJ (XURSHDQ 0RGHO RI 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUWV )LQDQFH KWWS ZZZ SOD\WKHJDPH RUJ QHZV QHZV DUWLFOHV WKH HYROYLQJ HXURSHDQ PRGHO RI SURIHVVLRQDO VSRUWV ILQDQFH !
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɑɚɫɬɧɨɟɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɫɩɨɪɬɚɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɭɠɟɧɚɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɦɢɪɚ ɢ ɷɬɚ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜɨ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ± ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ
Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɞɜɭɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ȼɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɷɬɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɵɯ ± ɷɬɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸ ɷɩɨɯɭ ɢ ɜɫɺ ɱɚɳɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɨɬ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɩɢɪɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɟ ɨɬ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɤ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɝɞɟ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɢ ɦɟɪɱɚɧɞɚɣɡɢɧɝ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɚ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɚɤɰɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɞɨɥɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ
ɇɚ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɢ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɎɂɎȺ ɜ Ȼɭɞɚɩɟɲɬɟ ɩɪɟɦɶɟɪ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪ ȼɟɧɝɪɢɢ ȼɢɤɬɨɪ Ɉɪɛɚɧ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɨɬɪɚɡɢɥ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ©ȼɥɚɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɢɞɭɬ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɨɧɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɬɶ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɥɚɫɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɛɥɚɝɨɫɥɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ± ɩɪɨɤɥɹɬɢɟɦª
ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦ Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɟɡɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɬɟɤɭɳɢɯ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɇɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɢ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɜɫɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɟɧɶɝɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɞɟɥɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɟɥ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɣ ɢɡ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɹɜɧɨ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ
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ɐɢɬ ɩɨ Ⱦɡɢɱɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ȿ. Ƚɪɢɝɨɪɢɣ ɋɭɪɤɢɫ ©ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɢɥ ɛɵ Ⱥɞɜɨɤɚɬɚ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɦ ɫɛɨɪɧɨɣª ɋɩɨɪɬ ɗɤɫɩɪɟɫɫ ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɣ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ Ʉɨɦɢɬɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɦɟɞɢɚ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɨɣ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɺɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɩɨɪɬɚɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɩɨɡɢɰɢɢɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɨɣȺɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɜɨ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɭɡɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɨɫɬɚɜɹɬɩɨɞɭɝɪɨɡɭɷɬɢɤɭɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɪɢɫɤ ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɚɠɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɵɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟɫɹɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɚɧɬɢɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɤɨɪɪɭɩɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɱɟɣ ɧɨ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɩɨɞɪɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɦɢɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɢɪɭɸɬ ɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɚɹ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɭɸ ɨɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɵɦɢ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɭ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɜ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɦɢ Ɍɚɤɠɟ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɹ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɥɚ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɯ ɢɦɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɵɦ ɷɬɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɚɹ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɦɟɪ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦɢ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɝɨ Ɏɷɣɪ ɉɥɷɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɎɂɎȺ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɜ ɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɤɚɧɞɚɥɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹɧɚɢɦɢɞɠɟɫɚɦɨɣɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɢɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɣ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɟɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɨ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɤɥɭɛɚɦɢ ɢɫɤɚɠɚɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ȼɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ