Материал: Экономика англоязычных стран и России. методическая разработка по развитию навыков чтения и устной речи для студентов 2-го курса. Лукина Л.В

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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего профессионального образования

«Воронежский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет»

Кафедра иностранных языков

ЭКОНОМИКА АНГЛОЯЗЫЧНЫХ СТРАН И РОССИИ

ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES AND RUSSIA ECONOMIES

Методическая разработка

по развитию навыков чтения и устной речи

для студентов 2-го курса специальностей

«Экономика предприятия и организаций»,

«Менеджмент», «Бухгалтерский учет, анализ и аудит»

Воронеж 2013

УДК 802.0:7(07)

ББК 85.33:81.2Англ я 7

Составитель Л. В. Лукина

Экономика англоязычных стран и России [Текст]: метод. разработка по развитию навыков чтения и устной речи для студ. 2-го курса спец. Экономика. Менеджмент. Бухгалтерский учет / Воронежский ГАСУ; сост.: Л.В.Лукина – Воронеж, 2013. – 41 с.

Состоит из вводной части, трех основных разделов («Экономика основных англоязычных стран и России», «Экономический обзор развитых стран», «Основные понятия и термины экономики и бизнеса»), а также экономических текстов для самостоятельного чтения. Вводная часть – лексические упражнения, способствующие более быстрому и полному пониманию, следующих за вводной частью текстов, а также базовые экономические термины. Основные разделы состоят из текстов и разнообразных лексико-грамматических заданий, необходимых для обучения ведению беседы по соответствующей тематике.

Печатается по решению научно-методического совета

Воронежского ГАСУ

УДК 802.0:792(07)

Ббк 85.33:81.2 Англ я7

Рецензент – М.А. Стернина, зав. кафедрой английского языка естественнонаучных факультетов ВГУ, профессор, доктор филологических наук

Введение

Методическая разработка «Экономика англоязычных стран и России» состоит из вводной части, трех основных разделов, а также экономических текстов для самостоятельной работы. Вводная часть включает лексические упражнения и задания, позволяющие развивать умения и навыки чтения, перевода, разговорной речи, расширить словарный запас. Основные разделы состоят из текстов и послетекстовых лексико-грамматических заданий, способствующих развитию творческого подхода к изучению английского языка.

Предназначена для студентов, обучающихся по специальности «Экономика предприятия и организаций», «Менеджмент», «Бухгалтерский учет, анализ и аудит», «Управление персоналом», «Государственное и муниципальное управление».

UNIT I

Language work

employees

1. employ workers, etc.

agriculture

be employed in industry, etc.

1. More than two-thirds of the population is employed in agriculture. 2. Seven more workers were employed by the management. 3. Manufacturing industries employed the great number of people. 4. Today the service industries employ most of British workforce.

Translate sentences:

1. Большая часть населения страны занята в сельском хозяйстве.

2. Управляющий отказался принять нового служащего на работу.

Fill in the gaps with verbs employ or hire.

1. We had to . . . a sales manager. 2. The management refused to . . . him.

3. Thousands of workers were . . . at the plant. 4. It’ll be great fun to . . . a boat.

5. The greater part of the population of the country is known to be . . . in farming.

2. Export – to export

Import – to import

1. Great Britain imports raw materials from other countries. 2. Britain’s economy largely depends on imports. 3. France exports consumer goods to most European countries. 4. Electronic equipment is one of the main articles of British export.

5. Half of Britain’s exports are to countries in the European Union. 6. Britain exports manufactured goods.

3. to do smth.

used to be smth.

1. We used to live in a small village but now we live in London. 2. The building used to be a cinema. Now it’s a shop. 3. There used to be a castle on that hill. 4. She used to have long hair. But she cut it some time ago. 5. Great Britain is no longer the leading imperialist power it used to be. 6. People used to believe that the earth is flat. 7. Before men invented money they used to trade by exchanging goods. 8. Our firm used to have branches in all European countries. 9. When he was young, he used to take a great interest in politics.

Translate sentences:

1. Великобритания уже больше не является ведущей империалистической державой, какой она когда-то была. 2. Индия была когда-то колонией Великобритании. 3. Когда он был моложе, он проявлял большой интерес к политике.

4 .

second

one third of smth.

fourth

fifth, etc.

thirds

two – fourths of smth.

fifths, etc.

fourths

three – of smth.

fifths, etc.

1. Three-fifths of the land area of the continental United States is farmland. One fourth of it is harvested cropland, and a half is pasture land. 2. About two-thirds of the Federal Government’s spending goes for military purposes (USA). 3. One third of the US Senate is elected every two years. 4. About three-fourths of all taxes collected in the USA go to the Federal Government.

Translate sentences:

1. Около двух третей населения этой страны занято в сельском хозяйстве. 2. Треть сената США переизбирается каждые два года.

5 . Time

work

require a lot of strength

Very much attention

1. This kind of work will require great physical strength. 2. Studying a foreign language requires a lot of time and regular work. 3. Custom requires that everybody should stand up when the national anthem is being played.

Translate sentences:

1. Такая работа требует большого внимания. 2. Это требует много времени.

3. Изучение иностранного языка требует большого терпения. 4. Традиция требует, чтобы все поднимались со своих мест при звуках государственного гимна.

Fill in the gaps with verbs require (with inanimate) or demand (with animate).

1. He . . . that the work should be done in accordance with his instruction. 2. This kind of work . . . a lot of time. 3. Your assistance is . . . here. 4. The workers . . . shorter hours. 5. It . . . some thinking. 6. Producing such articles . . . skilled labour.

Fill in the gaps with words:

economy / economics

1. We are students of … .

2. Within a market …., businesses seek profits.

economical / economic

1. Our country’s … situation is getting better.

2. How could the most … use of our time be organized?

economical / economically

1. That engine is not the most … .

2. Many students can spend their time … .

economize / economist

1. John Keynes was the great English … .

2. Don’t … on things which will hardly save you any money.

UNIT II

Economic terms (Economy, Banking and Business)

account, n – money in a bank that can be put in or drawn out; a written statement of money received and spent

auction, n – public sale at which goods are sold to the people making the highest bids or offers

bankrupt, n – smb. who is declared to be unable to pay his debts; go bankrupt = become ruined

bargain, n – an agreement between two or more people about buying or selling smth.

bargain, v – talk about prices trying to sell at a high price or buy at a low price

barter, v – do business by exchanging goods without using money (to barter coal for grain)

bond, n – a printed paper given by a government or a business company saying that the money has been received and will be paid back with interest

broker, n – one who buys and sells for other people (esp. shares or bonds)

cash, n – money in the form of coins or notes (I have no cash on me. May I pay by cheque?)

cash, v – get or give money in exchange for cheques

cheque (Am. check) – a written order to a bank to pay money

cheque-book – a number of cheques fastened together in a book

currency, n – money used as a means of buying and selling (coins, cheques, bank-notes)

hard currency – a money system characterised by stability. It can be exchanged for gold.

deposit, n – money paid into a bank to receive interest later on

deposit money – put money in a bank

deal, n – a business agreement. It's a deal. (I agree to do business with you.)

deal with smb. – do business with smb.

dealer, n – a person who buys or sells things

income, n – the money that comes from salary, business profits, interest on capital, dividends on investments

insurance, n – the money for which a person or a thing is insured; the act of insuring

insure, v – make arrangements with an insurance company for the payment of a sum of money in case accident, damage, etc. (He insured his house for $ 80000.)

interest, n – money charged for the use of money (to pay 6% interest on a loan; to live on the interest received from the capital)

invest money in smth. – to use money in such a way as to get a profit or income from it (to invest one's money in shares, a business enterprise, etc.)

investor, n – one who invests money

joint enterprise (venture) – an enterprise shared by several companies

loan, n – money lent to smb. (A government loan is a loan lent to the government.)

market, n – a public place where goods are bought or sold; the volume of sales. (The market for these goods has risen/ fallen.)

marketable, a – smth. that can be sold (marketable products)

nationalise, v – transfer from private to state ownership (denationalize -transfer from state to private ownership)

property, n – smth. belonging to a person, a group of people or a state

private property – smth. belonging to a person or small group of people

rate of exchange – a fixed proportion between two currencies

retail, n – the sale of goods in small quantities, for use

sale, n – the exchange of goods for money, the act of selling (Is this house for sale?); the offer of goods for sale at a low price

share, n – one of the equal parts into which the capital of a business company is divided (He holds 500 shares in a shipbuilding company.)

stock exchange, n – a place where stocks and shares are bought and sold

tax, n – a sum of money which must be paid to the state (income tax, sales tax, luxury tax, etc.)

UNIT III