
201
-
%S("!
6$8
?4$#'3$=("
.
%"
?E4
M$5"'
'? M("
3$M(
'?4(3"(4
.
-
j(=
6'&!8
, -
&$=(6(4
D= 3'4Z?'6
,
3$= 6
'
5 '4
4$ '8
.
-
7(
-
5
,
&$
N '
'
='M(
?!Z
! -
6&6 &#" 4
O(=b S
"
.
-
>E#"$ !
(#'
"$3'
! -
='6'=S$4
C 8'"'6
.
-
7
54'6$
,
#'5 '3$
,
"
M(5 $
! -
'=M(5 6(""'
=
" 4
^6(= '6
,
'5 $"$64 6$9
'?[((
"(#'3'6$"!(
. -
Y4$#'3$=Z
6$5
65(V
,
"'
9 5$8
5 8(Z
3' $&$ !
(8
,
"$5 '4! '
A("Z
(#'
54'6$
.
-
:'5 '3 "
O(=b S
"
,
&$6 =$
M(
6E
8"(
3$3 (
3'6
-
4( 6'=("!(
&$
6$W
5(BS$W" (
54'6$
! -
#='8 '
5 $&$4
9
,
6$M"'
'?=$[$95!
O(=b S
"
.
-
D'
(5 !
3 N4!
-
5
?
2&6'4! (
, -
' 6(S$4
'
,
"'
,
6(="'
,
9
?E4
$
58(W'"
,
6E&E6$9
,
$
N '
"(
W4'
8'(B
b
-
# =(
,
S '
65(
,
$ &$
65(8
O(=b S
"
,
$
4(#4
5'
58(V
.
-
i$
,
'"(S"'
,
?='5 !
(#'
!
>(3!
5'65(8
M
!9"
! -
5 '8(=&(" (8
='#'6'= 4
D= 3'4Z?'6
.
...
d ?E4
3'
'#'
&8 S("
,
3'
'#'
&4'8$"
,
S '
V' !
&$
-
=(&$ !59
,
$ ' '"S !
!
f 8("9
?E4$
4 V'=$3 $
;
58'S("
-
"E(
' '8
6'4'5E
= 5'V4
'
4?
6 5 $8
.
-
^6(= '6
!
9 ='W
6$5
='[("!9
, -
5 $&$4
9 =(& '
=(W (4!"'
, -
O(=b S
"
,
6$5
'M(
,
65(V
,
65(V
,
9 '? 3(4
65(V
!
-
;#$
!
3 N4!
-
'
"(
56'B
?=$
! -
93'6 '
='W
(4
O(=b S
"
.
-
7(
,
9 "(
3 N4
?'Z5!
,
O(=b S
"
!
d #' '6
5 6$8
M(
&$6 =$
3=$ !59
,
M(
'54(
= 8 =(" 9
.
d 3$M(
"$5 $
-
6$Z
"$
N '8
,
6E
"(
8'M( (
8"(
' $&$ !
.
d V'S
3' $
-
&$ !
6$8
,
S '
9 "(
?'Z5!
3 N4
.
>E
? 3( (
5 =(49 !
(=
-
6EB
,
$ 9 6E5 =(4Z
"$
6'&3 V
.
...
>5(
'"
?E4
=$5"E(
;
#4$&$
65(V
?4 5 $4
:
8"'#'
4
.
-
d ='W
6$W(B
3= M?E
,
^6(= '6
,
9 6$5
'? 3(4
,
"'
...

202
-
%? 3(4
?
>
-
6E
!
\
-
"9
!
^"$B (
,
8 4'5 6EB
#'5 3$=!
,
S '
6E
"
'#3$
"
=
$
V
'?5 '9 (4!5 6$V
"(
8'
-
M( (
8("9
'? 3( !
!
-
2 3'6'4!"'
5 6$5
,
='S!
! -
5 =(
4
D= 3'4Z?'6
. <...>
d 5 '94
' 4(6$""EB
.
>$ $#$
W 8"'
6EV'3 4$
& '8"$
-
E
,
D= 3'4Z?'6
&$ 9" 4
$ Z
-
'
#4
Z
(5"Z
. <...>
Y(5 '=93'
,
'?c(3
,
=$&? $9
=Z8 $
"$
'4
,
='4 '(
6 "'
,
' =
$
='5
,
V8(4!
?=(3
6 #'4'6(
,
8 S (4!
-
"$9
'5 $
6 5(=3A(
,
"$ '"(A
,
4$ (B
,
65(
6 3(6W B
65(
54EW$6W B
4Z?' E "'
&$#493E6$6W B
8"(
6 #4$
-
&$
.
-
D 3$
! -
65 =
" 4
9
. -
24
'"
65(
"$
'4("$V
,
'?"
-
8$9
"'#
8'
,
? 3
6E8$4 6$ !
8'(B
3= M?E
,
4
...
4
9 3$8
^6(= '6
'[(S "
!»
R'54(
' 4 S"(BW(B
4-
B #4$6E
6&6 "S(""'5 !
,
9&64("
-
"'(
5$8'4Z? (
S(4'6( $
&
'3 '4!9
"$S "$Z
= (
-
3$ !59
,
$ @ &$
,
8'4'3$9
M("[ "$
&
X #
,
6"'5
= 6
-
5
b$4!W
.
R(=(3
"$8
65(
$
M(
#(=' "9
5(" 8("
-
$4!"'#'
='8$"$
,
?4$#'='3"$9
='5 $
5 6'&6EW("
-
"E8
5(=3A(8
,
([(
'3 "
4 (=$ ="EB
8$"( ("
.
j '?E
' 6(5
3 W
,
"$W
S(4'6(
&
'3 '4!9
"$S "$(
#'6'
-
= !
'4 '5
5 =$[$ !
='3" Z
3 W
,
?(3" Z
@ &
-
5(5 =
C'"
\$=8(4$3'6'B
.
\"'#'54'6"E(
'S("!
4'
-
5
(
=$&#'6'=E
8(M3
" 8
5 '
3'S $ !
3'
'"A$
.
YE !
8'M(
,
'8
-
'
'"
= 3 59
'
6 5
.
R'3
'"(A
#4$6"EB
#(='B
&=( $(
54(3 Z[ Z
5 "
:
" M(" 9
'5 '=?4(" 9
'S 5 9
6'&6E59
@ &
"$3
"("$6 5 !Z
.
>'&6EW(""E(
5 =$3$" 9
,
6'&8'M"'
,
4 SW(
,
S(8
3(W(
-
6'(
5S$5 !(
.
>'
65(
.
«
» (1868)
>
«
23 ' (
»
3(B5 6 (
'4'M (4!"EB
#(='B
i'5 '(65 '
-
#'
.
a '
-
"9&!
\EW
"
,
"$3(4(""EB
3'?=' 'B
65(
-
='[(" (8
,
$
8
'?4$3$4
'3 "
4 W!
e= 5 '5
.
\EW
-
"
56(=Vc(5 (5 6(""'
S 65 6 (4("
:
'"
S 65 6 (
65(
,
S '
=' 5V'3
5 3= # 8
4Z3!8
,
3$M(
(54
V
=$&3(
-

203
49Z
'#='8"E(
=$55 '9" 9
.
D$ '6$
(#'
3 V'6"$9
8 3
-
='5 !
,
'" 8$" (
5'5 =$3$" (
S M 8
#'=(5 98
.
<"9&!
\EW
"
-
5$8$
S 5 ' $
,
5 =(""'5 !
,
' ='6("
-
"'5 !
,
S '
"( &?(M"'
= 6'3
(#'
5 '4 "'6(" 98
5
6"(W" 8
8 ='8
,
"$5 6'&!
54'6"E8
5 55 6(""E8
.
g#'
4Z?9
65(
,
'#'
'"
65 =(S$(
"$
56'(8
,
3$M(
X'#'M "
,
(#'
#
' ( S(5
B
? BA$
.
C =$5 "'
64Z?
-
4(""EB
6 #4$6" Z
#(=' "Z
,
7$5 $5!Z
O 4
'6"
,
=(6" Z[ B
((
"9&Z
,
'"
6 '"A(
='8$"$
6
5 $(
(#'
6 56'B
3'8
,
#3(
'4! '
S '
&$=(&$4
56'Z
6'&4Z?4("" Z
,
?4$#'3$=9
8EW
"5 'B
3 V'6"'B
S 5 ' (
= 8 =9( 59
5 M &"!Z
'?=( $(
5 ' '(" (
'
5 =$5 (B
,
? W Z[ V
6 (#'
3 W(
.
%3"$ '
"9&!
\EW
"
'M(
5 V S(5
"( '4"'A("("
.
> 3( 5 6(
'"
' 5 $6$4
6 =$&6
,
"(
8(4
#'6'= !
3'
6
4(
,
?E4
'36(=M("
N
4( S(5
8
=
$3 $8
.
R'5 '
-
9"" Z
#='&
'4"'#'
54$?' 8 9
8'#
=(3' 6=$ !
4 W!
&3'='6EB
5 ' 'B"EB
'?=$&
M &"
. (
R'54(
65(V
5'?E B
,
'
5$""EV
6 " #(
,
5 V S(5 $9
?'4(&"!
65(
M(
'3'4(6$(
(#'
.)
7(
5 '5'?"EB
M(" !59
,
' S(8
$6 '=
#'6'=
?(&
'? "9
-
'6
,
"9&!
\EW
"
(8
"(
8("((
=$&=E6$( 59
8(M3
36 89
M("[ "$8
.
%3"$
&
" V
-
;#4$9
,
"( '='S"'
S 5
-
$9
,
=$5 6$9
,
5 =(""99
3(6 W $
.
%"$
"(
V'S(
8
-
= !59
5 ' = M$Z[ 8
8 ='8
,
6(="((
-
5'
56'(B
S$5 !Z
3'S(=
?'#$ '#'
&"$ "'#'
S(4'6( $
,
' '='B
#' '6$"'
6EB
&$8 M
&$
8'4'3'#'
$= 5 ' =$ $
='M !
5 " 8
5S$5 4 6 Z
M &"!
.
;#4$9
5$8$
"(
&"$(
,
S(#'
8(""'
'"$
V'S(
,
"'
'"$
"( 'V'M$
"$
56' V
5(5 (=
56'Z
5(8!Z
,
'"$
«
5 8$5W(3W$9
»
6 V'='W(8
58E54(
,
'
i'5 '(65 '8
(
'"
96"'
=(3 'S $(
5 8$5W(3W V
4Z398
"'=8$4!
-
"E8
).
2"E8
54'6$8
,
N '
4 S"'5 !
«
[ [$9
»,
'3 V'
-
6'=(""$9
.
<"9&!
\EW
"
3'
"( ' '='B
5 ( ("
((
8$ !
-
(3 "5 6(""E(
4Z3
,
' '=E(
'" 8$Z
((
,
"'
(5
-
4
='5 '3 W"$9
8$ !
4 W!
'?(5 ' '("$
((
"( 'V'M(
-
5 !Z
,
'
\EW
"
S 65 6 (
((
89 [ Z59
3 W
.
%"
M$
-
M3(
5 $5
((
,
' =E6
(=(3
"(B
=$6 4!"EB
!
,
5'#4$W$( 59
M(" !59
"$
"(B
.
D
65(
'54'M"9( 59
:
6 ='8$"(
3(B5 6 (
3(8'" S(5 $9
,
#'=3$9
,
'='S"$9
,
5'?4$&" (4!"$9
,
$ "5 6(""$9
,
6'5
-

204
V (4!"$9
,
"(58' =9
"$
56'(
$3(" (
,
"( '3
"'
S 5 $9
7$5 $5!9
O 4
'6"$
,
'3"$
&
(V
"(6'&8'M"EV
,
6E3 8$""EV
,
=$&3=$M$Z[ V
#(=' "!
,
' '=E8
(5 =9
=' &6(3(" 9
i'5 '(65 '#'
.
>5(
S 65 6$
N 'B
"( '5
-
M 8'B
M("[ "E
6E=$M$Z 59
6 =(6'5V'3"'B
5 ( ("
:
3'?=' $
,
#=(V'6"'5 !
((
?(5 =(3(4!"E
.
%"$
'?8$" $
5 $=E8
=$&6=$ "
'8
,
' '=EB
,
53(4$6
((
56'(B
4Z?'6
-
" A(B
='M 6
5 "(Z
"(5 '4! '
4(
,
( (=!
M(" 59
"$
'=93'S"'B
M("[ "(
.
j '?E
&?$6 !59
'
"((
,
'"
?(&
4 W" V
'4(?$" B
=(W$(
6E3$ !
7$5 $5!Z
O 4
'6"
&$8 M
&$
56'(#'
5( =( $=9
.
>5(
,
'
' = M$(
7$5 $5!Z
O 4
'6"
,
&"$Z
,
S '
6
3 W(
N '
'=93'S"$9
M("[ "$
,
6 ((
36 58E54(""'8
'
-
4'M("
'6 "("
4Z?'6"
.
a '
"(
8(W$(
M(" V
,
5 $
#'6'=9
,
5 =$5 "'
6 "((
64Z?4(""'8
,
5S $ !
((
$3W(B
M("[ "'B
,
$ 5(8!9
;#4$
='5 '
6 W' (
' '#'
,
S '
;#4$9
&$69&$4$
$B"E(
' "'W(" 9
5 7$5 $5!(B
O
-
4
'6"'B
.
i$
7$5 $5!Z
O 4
'6"
N '
"(
5 $5$(
'
=(&=(" 9
5$8'B
5(?(
&$
56'(
«
$3(" (
»,
'"$
=(W$
-
( 59
5 $ !
"$5 '9[(B
«
5'3(=M$" 'B
».
%3 "
"9&!
\EW
-
"
,
$
e= 5 '5
,
"
6 S(8
"(
6 "
((
,
'4"EB
#4 ?' '
-
#'
6'5V [(" 9
6$M(" 9
. (
>"'6!
&6 S
5 =E $9
$=$44(4!
5 '=
e= 5 $
\$=
\$#3$4 "E
.)
^3(5!
8(5 "'
?E4'
?E
='A ='6$ !
([(
'3"'
'S"(BW((
&$8(S$" (
\ =5 '#'
: «
g#'
V= 5 $"5 6'
...
'S("!
5'8"
-
(4!"'#'
56'B5 6$
...
a '
?'4((
4
8("((
'6(=V"'5 "'(
S(" (
,
' '='(
' $5"'
' 'M3(5 649 !
5 5 ""E8
V=
-
5 $"5 6'8
».
g54
N '8
3'?$6 !
,
S '
'"
'5 '9""'
"$69&E6$(
S $ (4Z
56'(
'4 '6$" (
=$6'54$6 9
,
=$5
E6$9
4Z?'B
5 V'4'# S(5
B
4
5 V' $ S(
-
5
B
4 ?'
,
"( &?(M"'
= 6'3
"$5
e= 5
,
6(="((
,
(#'
5'?5 6(""'8
'" 8$" Z
e= 5 $
=$6'54$6 9
,
8E
4 SW(
? 3(8
=(35 $649 !
,
S '
"$5
=$&3=$M$(
6
i'5 '(65 '8
-
b 4'5'b(
.
7'
6(="(859
='8$"
.
<"9&!
\EW
"
5=$&
M(
'" 8$
-
(
,
S '
& 36 V
64Z?4(""EV
6 "(#'
M("[ "
7$5 $5!9
O 4
'6"$
?'4!W(
" M3$( 59
6 "(8
,
$
$
'"$
?'4((
"(5S$5 "$
.
R'N '8
'"
3(4
$ "'
'5 $649(
;#4$Z
,
S '
-
?E
5 $5
7$5 $5!Z
O 4
'6"
.
D
7$5 $5!9
O 4
-
'6"$
'"
5 $=$Z 59
(=([(#'49 !
3= #
3= #$
6 3 W(6
-
"'B
W =' (
,
'"$
' S$9""'
5 =(8 59
'56'?'3 !
(#'
,

205
S '?E
'"
'?=(4
5S$5 !(
5 ;#4$(B
,
'"
M(
"(
'
5 $(
((
,
?'95!
,
$
?E
'"$
"(
«
'# ?4$
» (
4Z? 8'(
6E=$M(" (
i'5 '(65 '#'
).
7'
'#3$
;#4$9
5 =$ 6$(
5 $"3$4
5 A(
-
4!Z
'5 '=? !
7$5 $5!Z
O 4
'6"
6 ((
5'?5 6(""'8
3'8(
,
7$5 $5!9
O 4
'6"$
"(
6 3
3$4!"(BW V
=
-
S "
M(= 6'6$ !
5'?'B
=$3
5' (=" AE
=(W$(
6(&
"9&9
\EW
"$
6 \'5 6
.
>
'54(3"ZZ
5( "3
5 (
-
= S"$9
M("[ "$
6"'6!
8("9(
=(W(" (
,
"(
M(4$9
,
S '
-
?E
'"
«
'# ?
»
'
((
6 "(
,
?(#$(
=98'
&
-
'3
6("A$
5 X'#'M "E8
,
8'4'3E8
A'8
,
' '=EB
='8$ E6$(
5
"(Z
'4! '
S '
'4 S(""'(
5'5 '9" (
.
<"9&!
\EW
"
(3(
654(3
&$
" 8
6 \'5 6
.
C4(3 Z[ B
(= '3
V
M &"
5 5"'
5 =E
'3
3E8 'B
$ "5 6(""'5
.
i'5
-
'(65
B
"(
' =E6$(
S $ (4Z
,
S '
8(""'
=' 5V'
-
3 4'
6 \'5 6(
,
4 W!
6=(89
'
6=(8("
='"99
8"'#'&"$
-
S (4!"E(
$ "5 6(""E(
"$8(
.
2 X'#'M "
,
"9&!
\EW
"
'V6$S("E
$ ( S(5
8
5 =$3$" 98
&
-
&$
7$5 $5!
O 4
'6"E
,
' '=$9
6(3(
5(?9
65(
?'4((
?(&=$55 3"'
.
%"
3$M(
5 $"'69 59
?=$ !98
6'
e= 5 (
,
'?8("96W 5!
"$ (4!"E8
=(5 $8
.
D(8
5$8E8
$6 '=
3$(
"$8
'"9 !
,
S '
X'#'M "
V'S(
?(=(S!59
'
5'
-
?4$&"$
? B5 6$
&
=(6"'5
.
> '"A(
'"A'6
X'#'M "
-
5$8EB
"'=8$4!"EB
& =' V
-
"(
6E3(=M 6$(
? 6$(
7$5 $5!Z
O 4
'6"
.
i'5
-
'(65
B
'?5 $649(
(#'
=(5
4(" (
589#S$Z[ 8
'?
-
5 '9 (4!5 6$8
:
X'#'M "$
5 4!"$9
4 V'=$3 $
.
R'54(
? B5 6$
'"
5=$&
M(
' $3$(
6 ?'4!" A
,
$ &$ (8
(#'
55E4$Z
6 C ? =!
-
56'('?=$&"EB
&$ $5"
,
#3(
V=$"9
-
59
5
5$""E(
$6 '='8
6'5 '6E(
b # =E
.
<"9&!
\EW
"
='6'3
"'S!
5 #4$&
"$
#4$&
5 X'#'M "E8
6'&4(
(4$
? 'B
,
5 " 8
54 S$( 59
'S(=(3"'B
= 5
3 W(6"'B
?'4(&"
,
6 3 8'
,
'54(3" B
,
'"
6'&6=$[$( 59
6 4(
-
S(?" A
6 l6(BA$=
,
#3(
='6(4
Z"'5 !
' 3$
(8
"(
54(3'6$4'
(&M$ !
.
>59
N $
?(& 8"$9
8(W$" "$
'? 4!"'
53'?=("$
3 $4'#$8
,
= &6$""E8
(=(3$ !
8"(" 9
=$&"''?=$&"EV
54'(6
'?[(5 6$
' 58(= "'B
$&"
4
6(4
'B
8 55
= 55 '#'
"$='3$
.
:(='
"
'#3$
"
-
S(#'
"(
=' &"'59
,
=(36$= (4!"'
"(
'?4(3"(6
,
"(
&$=3(6W 5!
4
"(
(=(5
6
5 "'#
"$
"'#
.
X(4 # '&
-
"E(
8' 6E
'W"' 6'="E
56'(B
?(&6 5 A(B
.
;6 '=
3$(
' =(3(4(" 9
,
"(
&$?' 95!
' 3' $&$ (4!5 6$V
:
"$ = 8(=
,
7$5 $5!9
O 4
'6"$
,
$
8E
&"$(8
, -
'?=$&(A
53(=
-