Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɢɧɚɡɚɫɟɞɚɧɢɹɟɺɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜª ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ©ɞɥɹ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɚ ɢɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɯ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɩɟɱɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɜɟɬɵ ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɩɟɱɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɜɟɬɚ ɫɪɨɤ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɋɬɚɬɶɹ ɜɵɲɟɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɢ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ
Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨɧɹɬɧɨ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɟ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɬɟɤɚɸɬ ɜ ɧɟɦɚɥɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɇɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɨɝɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚɢɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
(ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ.)
ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ ɋ ȼ Ⱥɥɬɭɯɨɜɚ ©ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ± ɷɬɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɚɹ
ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɭɫɥɭɝª ɚ ©ɭɫɥɭɝɚ ± ɷɬɨ ɨɫɨɛɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɛɥɚɝɚ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɜɟɳɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵª
ȼɚɠɧɵɦɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ ©ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢª ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢª ɢ ©ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢª ɬɟɫɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɦ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɰɟɥɹɦ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɦ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɧɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɬɚɤɨɜɚɹ ɞɨғɥɠɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɭɫɟɦɶɟɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɬ ɞɂɦɟɧɧɨɩɨɷɬɨɦɭɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɚɠɧɵɦ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ
ɉɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɣ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɚɦɨɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ
Ⱥɥɬɭɯɨɜ ɋ.ȼ. ɂɜɟɧɬ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɦɢ ɍɱ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ± Ɇ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬ ± ɫ ± ɋ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ȼ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧ ɩɪɟɠɞɟɜɫɟɝɨɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɨɬ ʋ ɎɁɪɟɞɨɬ
©Ɉɛ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝª Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɨɟ ɷɬɢɦ ɚɤɬɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɚɫɢɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɦ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɡɛɨɪ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ©ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɭɫɥɭɝɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɚɹ >ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ@ ± ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ >ɨɪɝɚɧɚ@ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɡɚɹɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ >ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ@ª ɩɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɞɟɮɢɧɢɰɢɢɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ± ɷɬɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɦɚɹ ɤ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɫɹ ɜ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ©ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɣª ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɞɟɮɢɰɢɬ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɵ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɜɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɧɭɠɞɚɟɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɭɸ ɜɥɚɫɬɶ ɛɪɚɬɶ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ >ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ @ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɟɢɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɟɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɵɯɫ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɬɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɟɦɶɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɬ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ
Ɉɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶɧɢɠɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ
ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɨɬɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɨɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤ ɩɚɪɬɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɬɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɢ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɺɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɡɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ ʋ ɎɁ ©Ɉɛ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝª ɋɨɛɪɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ ȼ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ± ɋɉɋ ©Ƚɚɪɚɧɬª
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɜ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɵɜɚɸɳɟ ɱɺɬɤɨ ɧɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɡɤɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɡɤɚɹ ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɦ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ
ȼ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɞɚɠɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ȼ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ± ɷɬɨ ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯɮɨɪɦɚɯɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯɭɫɥɭɝɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɢ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɬ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɧɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɢɫɩɟɬɱɟɪɫɤɨɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
Ɉɞɧɢɦɢɢɡɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɨɜɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɭɫɥɭɝɜɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɛɨɛɳɺɧɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɩɨɞɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢª
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɚɨɬ
ʋ ɎɁ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢªɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɸ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ
ɋɪɟɞɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɧɢɠɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
± ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ
± ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ± ɚɤɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɚɦ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ
ɋɦ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬ ©Ɉɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɣ ɉɪɢɤɚɡɨɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɬ ʋ KWWS VSRUW UX DGPLQLVWUDWLYQLH UHJODPHQWL DGPLQLVWUDWLYQ\M UHJODPHQW KWPO!
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
± ɡɚɩɢɫɶ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
± ɩɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɪɹɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚɦ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɭɞɶɹɦ
± ɩɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɠɟɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ± ɯɨɞɚɬɚɣɫɬɜɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɯɨɞɚɬɚɣɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɩɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɡɜɚɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ©ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɫɭɞɶɹ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢª
± ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɪɟɟɫɬɪɵ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ
± ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɡɞɨɪɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ
± ɩɪɢɺɦ ɡɚɹɜɨɤ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ± ɩɪɢɺɦ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɉɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɺɧɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɭɫɥɭɝɚ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɧɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɣ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ
ɉɭɧɤɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɢɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɨɬ ʋ ɎɁ
ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ± ɷɬɨ ©ɬɪɟɧɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɥɢɰ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ
ɋɦ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Ɋɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ Ⱦɟɩɚɪɬɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɟ Ɍɸɦɟɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɬ ʋ ©Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɪɹɞɨɜ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɜ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ , ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɪɹɞ ɜ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɨ ȿɞɢɧɨɣ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢª KWWSV DGPW\XPHQ UX RJYBUX JRY DGPLQLVWUDWL YH VSRUWB\RXWKBGHSDUWPHQW VHUYLFHV DGP UHJ KWP"LG #/LVWBUHJXODWLRQV! ɉɪɢɤɚɡ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɇɢɠɟɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɬ ʋ ©Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɇɢɠɟɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ³ɉɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɪɹɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚɦ ɡɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɨɪɦ ȿɞɢɧɨɣ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ´ª KWWS VSRUW JRYHUQPHQW QQRY UX "LG !
Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ ʋ ɎɁ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɋɨɛɪɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ ȼ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ± ɋɉɋ ©Ƚɚɪɚɧɬª