Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɪɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɪɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɞɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɫ
ɞɟɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɟɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɭ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɚɤɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɝɢɛɤɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɪɵɜɚɜɫɮɟɪɟɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɧɚɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɚɜɬɨɪɚ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɫɬɚɧɟɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɦ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɚɧɬɢɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɵɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ
Ʉɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɲɟɦɭ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɟ ɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɟɪɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɵɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɬɟɫɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɧɬɢɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɥɨ ɛɵ ɹɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɛɵ ɫɨɡɞɚɥ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɢɦɨɣ ɩɨɥɧɨɬɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɢɦɵɯ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ
(ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., ɋɨɥɨɜɶɺɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ., Ɋɟɞɶɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ.)
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɨ ɩɪɢɲɥɨ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɨɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɵɫɹɱɟɥɟɬɢɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɭɸ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɦȼɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɟɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɭɸ ɱɟɦ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɟ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɨ
ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɠɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɥɢɫɶ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɬɟɯ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɦɢɪɚ
ɇɚɞɨ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶ ɫɚɦɵɟ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɤɚɬɶ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɣ Ƚɪɟɰɢɢ ɩɨɡɠɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɘɫɬɢɧɢɚɧɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɲɟɝɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ Ȼɵɥɢ ɚɤɬɵ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɢɯ Ʉɢɬɚɹ ɢ əɩɨɧɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɜɲɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɛɵɥɢ ɚɤɬɵ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɜɟɤɨɜɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ȼɫɺ ɷɬɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɭ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɤɨɜ ɇɨ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɦɵ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɫɹ ɜɫɺ ɠɟ ɤ ɨɩɵɬɭ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɷɩɨɯɢ
Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɚ ɉɟɪɜɵɦ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɢɥɫɹ Ɂɚɤɨɧ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ɨɬ ʋ ©Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɺɝɤɨɣ ɚɬɥɟɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚª ɯɨɬɹ ɤɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ Ⱥɥɶɮɪɟɞɨ Ⱥɪɦɚɧɞɨ Ⱥɝɢɪɪɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɛɵɥɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɵ ɟɳɺ ɜ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɟ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ɨɬ ©Ɉɛ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥɚɯª Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬ ɨɬ ɭɱɪɟɞɢɥ Ɉɛɳɭɸ ɞɢɪɟɤɰɢɸ ɩɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɫɬɪɟɥɶɛɟ ɢ ɝɢɦɧɚɫɬɢɤɟ ȼ ɝɨɞɭ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɢɧɹɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ʋ ©Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢª Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ɨɬ ʋ ©ɋɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟª ɛɵɥ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɺɧ ȼɵɫɲɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ȼ ɝɨɞɭ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɢɧɹɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ʋ ©Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɨɜɨɝɨ
ɉɨɧɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɚɹ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɇɚɰ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ɊɎ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋ
Armando Aguirre A./D /H\ QDFLRQDO GHO GHSRUWH ʋ >ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ@ /D 9R] GHO 6XU 9LHGPD SURYLQFLD GH 5tR 1HJUR 5HS~EOLFD$UJHQWLQD ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɫɩɨɪɬɚªȼ ɝɨɞɭɛɵɥɩɪɢɧɹɬɁɚɤɨɧȺɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵʋ©Ɍɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɩɪɚɠɧɟɧɢɣ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ Ȼɭɷɧɨɫ Ⱥɣɪɟɫɚª Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬ ɨɬ ʋ ɜɜɺɥ ɧɚɥɨɝ ɧɚ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚɫɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɩɨɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɶɛɟɢɝɢɦɧɚɫɬɢɤɟ ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɺɣ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ɨɬ ʋ ɛɵɥɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɚ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ⱦɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ Ʉɨɦɢɫɫɢɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɚɦɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɢ ɨɬ ʋ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɨɦ ʋ ɨɬ ɛɵɥ ɫɨɡɞɚɧ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɩɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ȼ ɝɨɞɭ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɢɧɹɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ʋ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɥɚɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɝɨɞɭɛɵɥɩɪɢɧɹɬɩɨɥɧɨɜɟɫɧɵɣɩɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɣɡɚɤɨɧɜɫɮɟɪɟɫɩɨɪɬɚ± Ɂɚɤɨɧ Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɵ ʋ ©Ɉ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª
ȻɪɚɡɢɥɢɹȻɪɚɡɢɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ Ɇɚɧɭɷɥɶ ɏɨɫɟ Ƚɨɦɟɫ Ɍɭɛɢɧɨ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɹɬɶɫɨɬ ɥɟɬ ɛɪɚɡɢɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬ ɤ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦ ɚɤɬɚɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɢɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɵ ɨɬ ʋ ɨɬ ʋ ɨɬ ʋ ɨɬ ʋ ɨɬ ʋ ɢ ʋ ɨɬ
Ʉɚɤ ɩɢɲɟɬ Ⱦɢɟɝɨ Ⱥɭɝɭɫɬɨ ɋɚɧɬɨɲ ɋɢɥɜɚ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ;; ɜɟɤɚ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɢɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥɢɫɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɞɟɤɪɟɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ
ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɛɪɚɡɢɥɶɫɤɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬ ɨɬ ʋ ©Ɉ Ɋɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɟ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢª ɱɚɫɬɶ ,, Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬ ʋ ɨɬ ©Ɉ Ɋɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢª ɱɚɫɬɢ ɢ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬ ɨɬ ʋ ©Ɉɛ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɢ Ⱥɪɦɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɢɥɢɳɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢª Ɂɚɤɨɧ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɭɱɪɟɞɢɥ Ɉɬɞɟɥ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɢɢ Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟɦ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɢɢ ʋ ɨɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɭ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬ ɡɚɤɨɧȻɪɚɡɢɥɢɢɨɬ ʋɡɚɥɨɠɢɥɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟɨɫɧɨɜɵ
Tubino M.J.G. DQRV GH OHJLVODomR GHVSRUWLYD EUDVLOHLUD > ɥɟɬ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɢɢ@ ± 5LR GH-DQHLUR 6KDSH
Santos Silva D.A. (YROXomR KLVWyULFD GD OHJLVODomR HVSRUWLYD EUDVLOHLUD GR (VWDGR 1RYR DR VpFXOR ;;, >ɂɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɛɪɚɡɢɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɨɬ ɇɨɜɨɝɨ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɤ ;;, ɜɟɤɭ@ 5HYLVWD %UDVLOHLUD GH (GXFDomR )tVLFD (VSRUWH /D]HU H 'DQoD ± ± 9RO ± ʋ ± 3 ± ± 3
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚɯ ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ʋ ɨɬ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɨɜɟɬ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɜɺɥ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ Ȼɪɚɡɢɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɞɟɤɫ &yGLJR EUDVLOHLUR GH IXWHERO
ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɧɚɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɝɭɸ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ ɧɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟɤɚɫɚɥɢɫɶɥɢɲɶɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜɫɩɨɪɬɚɢɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɢɰɟɥɢ ɨɬɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɨɬ ɬɟɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɌɚɤɜ ɝɨɞɭɜȺɧɝɥɢɢɛɵɥɩɪɢɧɹɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ©Ɉ ɞɢɱɢª ɗɬɨ ɛɵɥ ɧɟ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ ɧɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɷɬɨɬ ɚɤɬ ɤɚɤ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɚɤɬ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɦɵ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɦ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ
Ɉɯɨɬɚ ɪɵɛɚɥɤɚ ɢ ɫɬɪɟɥɶɛɚ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ
ɰɟɥɹɯ ɞɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɵ ± ɤɨɧɰɚ ;,; ɜɟɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɢɜɢɥɟɝɢɟɣ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɫɥɨɺɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɢ
Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɞɢɱɢª ɛɵɥ ɩɪɢɧɹɬ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɢ ɥɢɲɚɥ ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɚɧɝɥɢɱɚɧ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɪɭɠɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɦɨɝɥɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɜ ɨɯɨɬɧɢɱɶɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɉɨɞɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟɚɤɬɵɬɚɤɠɟɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥɢɫɶɜɪɟɦɹɨɬɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɞɢɤɢɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɨɯɨɬɭ ɩɪɢɜɢɥɟɝɢɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɝɚɬɵɯ Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ ɨ ɞɢɱɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɟ ɜ ;9, ± ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ;9,, ɜɟɤɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɥɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɚɤɚɦɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɯɨɬɧɢɱɶɟɝɨ ɫɧɚɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɍɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɵ ɧɚ ɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɥɢɛɨ ɨɪɭɠɢɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɯɨɬɵ ɚ ɢɧɨɟ ɨɪɭɠɢɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɥɨ ɤɨɧɮɢɫɤɚɰɢɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɬɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɛɪɚɤɨɧɶɟɪɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɞɢɱɢª ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɥɫɹ ɨɬɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɢɯɟɦɭɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɝɨɪɨɞɚɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯɚɤɬɨɜɜ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɯ Ɍɚɤ ɜɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɛɵɥɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɚ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ ɫ ɡɟɦɥɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɨɯɨɬɭ Ʉɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɥɢɰɚɦɩɨɥɭɱɚɜɲɢɦɞɨɯɨɞɵɧɟɨɬɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɡɟɦɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ± ɬɨɪɝɨɜɰɚɦ ɨɯɨɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɥɨɫɶ
Wigglesworth N. 7KH VWRU\ RI VSRUW LQ (QJODQG >ɂɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɢ@ ±$ELQJGRQ 5RXWOHGJH ± S ± 3
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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɞɢɱɢª ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɢɯ ɟɦɭ ɧɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɥ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɨɯɨɬɵ ɬɚɤ ɥɢɰɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɟɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦ ɦɨɝɥɨ ɨɯɨɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɧɚ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɡɟɦɥɟ
ɉɟɪɜɵɦ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦ ɚɤɬɨɦ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢɨɫɩɨɪɬɟɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɱɢɬɚɬɶɁɚɤɨɧȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɨɬɞɵɯɟª Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɢɧɹɬ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɣ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɨɬɞɵɯɨɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɥ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɫɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɬɶɺɣ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɨɬɞɵɯɟª ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɜɭɯ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟɢɨɬɞɵɯɭɨɞɢɧɢɡɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɫɜɨɸɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɜ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɢɢɍɷɥɶɫɟ ɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ± ɜ ɒɨɬɥɚɧɞɢɢ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɜ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɣɢɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɫ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɩɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɨɬɞɵɯɟª ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɨɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ȼ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɨɜ ɜɯɨɞɢɥɨ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɺɣ
ɂɫɩɚɧɢɹɉɟɪɜɵɦ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɢɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɬɶ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɭɱɪɟɞɢɜɲɢɣ ɜ Ɇɚɞɪɢɞɟ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɲɤɨɥɭ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɝɢɦɧɚɫɬɢɤɢ ɯɨɬɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ Ⱥɧɬɨɧɢɨ Ȼɚɷɧɚ ɗɫɬɪɟɦɟɪɚ ɟɳɺ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ± ɩɪɨɟɤɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ©Ɉ ɝɢɦɧɚɫɬɢɤɟ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹª 3UR\HFWRGH/H\©*LPQDVLD+LJLpQLFDªɬɚɤɢɨɫɬɚɜɲɢɣɫɹɥɢɲɶɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɦ Ʉɨɪɨɥɟɜɫɤɢɣ ɍɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥ ɪɹɞ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɤ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɦɭ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɸ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɦ ɝɢɦɧɚɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
Munsche P.B. *HQWOHPHQ DQG 3RDFKHUV 7KH (QJOLVK *DPH /DZV ± >Ƚɨɫɩɨɞɚ ɢ ɛɪɚɤɨɧɶɟɪɵ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɨɛ ɢɝɪɚɯ ± @ ± &DPEULGJH &DPEULGJH 8QLYHUVLW\ 3UHVV ± S ± 3