A horizontal strip that contains lists of available menus for a certain program. _____________
A text field near the top of a Web browser window that displays the URL of the current webpage. _____________
A menu of commands or options that appears when you select an item with a mouse. _____________
A word, phrase, or image that you can click on to jump to a new document or a new section within the current document. _____________
A computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from clients and serving them HTTP responses along with optional data contents. _____________
A set of icons or buttons that are part of a software program's interface or an open window. _____________
A software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. _____________
Task 15. Decide whether the following statements are true or false:
1. A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web. 2. The web browser also interprets HTML tags as links to other websites, or to other web resources. 3. Home pages usually display graphics, sound, and multimedia files, as well as links to other pages, files that can be downloaded. 4. Web browser displays information on your computer by interpreting the URL. 5. The browser main functionality is to present the web resource you choose, by requesting it from the browser window and displaying it on the server. 6. Web is a collection of audios and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs, transmitted by search engines and web servers. |
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False
True/False |
Task 16. Choose the correct word from the list below to complete the following sentences:
Local area network World Wide Web browser surf Internet Explorer (URLs) short wide area network. |
A _____________ is a piece of software that allows users to _____________ the internet. The browser that is used in most schools is called _____________ _____________. The _____________ _____________ _____________ is the part of the Internet that is the main information store. Websites can never be mixed up because they all have different web addresses _____________. The Internet is an example of a _____________ _____________ _____________. The opposite of a wide area network is a _____________ _____________ _____________: this is where computers are linked together over _____________ distances.
Task 17. Match the terms on the right with the corresponding definitions on the left.
Term |
Definition |
||
1. |
world wide web |
a) |
An application that plays music and videos |
2. |
website |
b) |
A way of talking (typing) to other people in real time |
4. |
home page |
c) |
A set of interconnected webpages, including a homepage, located on the same server and maintained as a collection of information by a person, group, or organization. |
5. |
instant messaging |
d) |
A way of sending electronic messages to people |
6. |
e) |
You can type this in to get to an exact page on the Web |
|
7. |
(URL) |
f) |
The computer language that many web pages are written in |
8. |
HTML |
g) |
The application software that lets you look at web pages. |
9. |
browser |
h) |
The full name of the web. |
10. |
Flash |
i) |
An annoying window that appears suddenly when you are viewing a page. Sometimes browsers let you block these. |
11. |
Windows Media Player |
j) |
A way of viewing cartoons, and playing games on the web. |
12. |
hyperlink |
k) |
The main page on a Web site. It will point to all other pages on the site and will be the page people come to first. |
13. |
popup |
l) |
Click on me to get to another page on the Web. |
Task 18. Complete the following dialogue.
Google web browser web page change open use Internet Explorer TV channel icon web browser |
- What’s a ___________? - Well, that’s___________.
- What’s that? - The ___________ you click on says, “Internet Explorer,” and that’s how you get on the Internet. - I do that? - Yes. - So when I go to ___________, that’s a web browser? - Yes. - So Google is a ___________? - No. You ___________ a web browser to go to Google. - Wait…I don’t get it. - Google is a ___________ and you use a web browser to ___________ it. But you can also open other
web pages. - Okay, think of it like this. A web browser is like a ___________ and Google is like a ___________. So
yes, you can go to Google, but you can also ___________ the channel to something else. - Got it.
Task 19. Use the most appropriate answer to complete the sentences below.
1. Web Browser is _____ used to access the Internet services and resources available through the World Wide Web.
a) Software b) Program c) Operating system d) None of these
2. It is a client program that initiates requests to a_____
a) Network server b) World Wide Web c) Web server d) None of these
3. Web browsers often provide a _____ that lets users click icons, buttons, and menu options to view and navigate Web pages.
a) Graphical interface b) Interface c) Way d) None of these
4. Browser information and statistics is important for _________
a) Network operators b) Website designers c) Website developers d) None of these
5. To connect to the Internet when you are not connected to a network, you can use a regular telephone line and _____.
a) A modem b) Email software c) An ISDN terminal adaptor d) IRC software
6. The toolbar in which you can type a web address is the _____ Bar.
a) Status b) Format c) Address d) Navigation e) Links
7. An image with a web address attached to it is a _____.
a) Map b) Link c) Document d) Results
8. A benefit of using frames on a web page is that _____.
a) The navigation links can be in view all the time b) the pages will take less space on the server
c) The pages will load faster d) they are faster to write
9. To search the largest collection of Web pages for information on black holes you would probably first use a _____.
a) Encyclopedia b) Search engine c) Web directory d) Portal
10. To open a link in a new browser window you would _____.
a) Right-click on the link and choose Open in a new window
b) Click the link while holding down the CTRL key
c) Double-click the link while holding down the CTRL key
d) Choose from the menu Window
Task 20. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Браузер – програма, що дозволяє показ і взаємодію з текстом, малюнками і іншою інформацією присутньою на сторінках веб-сайтів у всесвітній мережі Інтернет або локальній мережі.
2. Сьогодні браузер — комплексне застосовання для обробки і виведення складових веб-сторінки, і для надання інтерфейсу між веб-сайтом і його відвідувачем.
3. Існують спеціальні веб-оглядачі, вбудовані у відносно прості моделі мобільних телефонів, які орієнтовані на спеціально спрощений текстовий формат WML, проте найсучасніші моделі спроможні відображати також HTML та XHTML.
4. Браузер дає можливість переглядати каталоги інформаційних ресурсів веб-сайтів і здійснювати переходи на вибрані веб-сторінки. На сьогоднішній день існує цілий ряд _роцессу для навігації в Інтернет.
5. У світі існує мільйони Веб серверів і на кожному з таких серверів може розташовуватися не один, а кілька сайтів. Це стало можливим завдяки технології віртуальних доменів.
6. Зазвичай посилання вказує на іншу веб-сторінку, але воно також може вказувати на зображення, адресу електронної пошти або програму. У документі гіперпосилання може бути подане текстом або зображенням.
7. Гіперпосилання можна використовувати для виконання таких завдань:
перехід до файлу або веб-сторінки в мережі, або Інтернеті;
перехід до файлу або веб-сторінки, які заплановано створити у майбутньому;
надсилання повідомлень електронної пошти;
запуск _роцессу передачі файлу (наприклад завантаження за протоколом FTP).
LANGUAGE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
Recent Developments in IT
Ability: can, could, be able to
Study these ways to describe ability:
1. Swarming robots can work together to perform searches. 2. Washing machines will be able to report any breakdowns for repair. 3. Imagine being able to send music files to your MP3 player without a wire connection. 4. Professor Warwick had a chip fitted into his arm which could activate sensors in doors and computers as he approached. 5. Marconi was able to send a radio signal from Britain to Newfoundland.
We use can and be able to to describe ability in the present but can is more common. We use could for general abilities in the past but was/were able to describe an ability on a specific occasion. This table summarises their uses:
|
Ability
For past negatives and questions both verbs are possible. For example:
Early computers could not/were not able to operate at high speeds. Could they/were they able to store much data? |
Exercise 1. Match items in columns A, B and C in order to make true sentences.
A |
B |
C |
The programme Easy Recovery |
will be able to can being able to could has been able to |
keep an eye on the children with the help of the Screenfridge in the kitchen. |
AIMP MMC PRO |
||
Wireless computer |
appear in 2050. |
|
Imagine |
communicate with the Internet. |
|
A washing machine of Ariston |
||
restore 5 files without registration. |
||
The first electronic digital computer built in 1945 |
||
convert your music to MP3. |
||
Microsoft |
be the only producer of OS. |
|
to represent the new version of Windows (Vista) in 2007. |
||
to use a water cooling to cool a 5 GHz processor. |
||
use so much electricity that lights in the nearby town. |
Exercise 2. Read the following texts and describe the ability of different things given in these texts.
1. Thomas of Colmar (A.K.A. Charles Xavier Thomas) created the first successful mechanical calculator. The range of abilities of this calculator consisted of adding, subtraction, multiplication and division. A lot of improved desktop calculators by many inventors followed, so that by about 1890, the range of improvements included:
Accumulation of partial results
Storage and automatic reentry of past results (A memory function)
Printing of the results
Each of these required manual installation. These improvements were mainly made for commercial users, and not for the needs of science.
2. The 19th Conference on Human Factors in Computing, sponsored by the Association for Computing Machinery, drew nearly 3000 people. All came ready to talk about ways to help people make better use of what Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates called “the most important machine in history”.
Already, $ 25000-and-up software from Troba Inc. of San Francisco lets Web sites determine, by analyzing patterns of movement among pages, whether online visitors are angry or confused. The refinement of Troba customers’ sites, mostly online relatives, is a reality now.
Microsoft will devote $ 4billion to research and development of input from handwriting, the human voice, and sensors that use body language and facial expression to infer the user’s intent.
Exercise 3. Put the words in the right order to make correct sentences.
your/use/to/DVD/you/Nero Express/or/can/disks/CD/clear.
3D/operate/the/could/with/first/graphics/videocards?
or/person/to/as/or/imagine/take/her/we/able/him/take/with/every/being/watches/Tablet PC/mobile phones.
to/we/DVD/will/use/read/soon/be/which/disks/able/players?
was/with/able/to/a/years/not/PDA/multimedia/few/operate/ago.
Exercise 4. Each sentence has a mistake. Find it and correct it.
In 1942-43 in England the electronic device “Coloss” was created by Alan Turing. This device could to decode radiogram messages of fascist Germany. (specific action)
Computers will be able to be human assistants in intellectual activity.
Imagine have been able to do our homework within one second with the help of a computer.
PC is already been able to give a simple voice command, but a computer can’t fully interact with a person.
In future we being able to find ourselves in any place we like by the use of a computer.
The Englishman Charles Babbage designed the project of Analytical device (1830 - 1846). The device can do arithmetical operations, store information, control the operations, input and output something.
The Future of IT
Predictions : Future Perfect and It in subject position
We use the Future perfect to predict actions which will be completed before a particular time in the future. It is often used with time expressions such as by 2020, before the end of the century. For example:
1. By 2010 scientists will have developed active contact lenses.
We can vary the strength of our predictions using the certainty verbs studied in Unit 16 instead of will. For example: |
2. By 2030 geneticists may/might/could have created the first biologically optimised humans.
We can also make predictions using It in subject position when the true subject of the prediction is a that clause. For example,
1. It's likely that computers will be used to develop other faster computers. 2. It's possible that we'll work from telework centres in future. |
Exercise 5. Change the sentences given below using Future Perfect.
Perhaps by 2020, it could be possible to have infrared distribution to each seat in all trains and planes in order to guarantee high bandwidth communication.
We can expect human: machine equivalence by about 2020.
By the year 2020, it’s likely that we will use multiprocessor computer’s systems.
In 2025 quantum computers will appear in our houses.
By around 2030, we may have the technology to directly link our brain to the ultra-smart computers that will be around then, giving us so much extra brainpower that we deserve a new name, Homo Cyberneticus.